Jaymeet Solanki, Gaurav Chauhan, Bhavyata Chavada, Chirag Jani, Avinash Goswami, Manjari Pathak, Subhash Bhandari, M. G. Thakkar
{"title":"印度西部Kachchh高岭土矿床的地球化学、矿物学、成因及其可能的工业应用","authors":"Jaymeet Solanki, Gaurav Chauhan, Bhavyata Chavada, Chirag Jani, Avinash Goswami, Manjari Pathak, Subhash Bhandari, M. G. Thakkar","doi":"10.1134/S0024490225700087","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<p>Kaolin deposits of the Kachchh region in western India were investigated for their mineralogical, physicochemical, and geochemical characteristics in order to elucidate the genesis and potential for industrial applications. The sampling of kaolin deposits was carried out from all three physiographic divisions of Kachchh, which includes the Kachchh Mainland, Wagad Highland, and the Island Belt region. The geochemical characterizations of the kaolin were determined using X-ray fluorescence spectrometry (XRF). Further, mineralogical properties were assessed to identify and quantify the mineral phases using the X-ray diffraction (XRD) technique. Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) was used to determine the micro-morphology of kaolin minerals. Diagnostic physicochemical tests like color, brightness, whiteness, pH, and particle size distribution (PSD) were explored for several possible industrial applications. The results of geochemical indices, including the chemical index of alteration (CIA), the chemical index of weathering (CIW), and the index of compositional variability (ICV) were determined to assess the weathering conditions, type of source rock involved, and genesis of kaolin deposits. The major oxide composition of kaolin from the Kachchh region is dominated by SiO<sub>2</sub>, Al<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub>, Fe<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub>, and TiO<sub>2</sub>. Kaolinite is the major phyllosilicate present in the deposit along with accessory minerals such as quartz, goethite, muscovite, and anatase. Geochemical analysis using major, trace, and rare earth elements of kaolin samples suggests provenance and environmental conditions corresponding to formation during the Cretaceous-Tertiary period. Based on the results obtained from mineralogical, geochemical, and physical analysis, the kaolin deposits require the removal of existing impurities to optimize the grades. Further, the suitable applications could be ceramics, cosmetics, rubber, plastic, paints, and paper products. Thus, this study has a significant potential to contribute to the economic development of the kaolin industries in the region.</p>","PeriodicalId":18150,"journal":{"name":"Lithology and Mineral Resources","volume":"60 4","pages":"457 - 475"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9000,"publicationDate":"2025-07-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":"0","resultStr":"{\"title\":\"Geochemistry, Mineralogy, and Genesis of Kaolin Deposits of Kachchh, Western India and Its Possible Industrial Application\",\"authors\":\"Jaymeet Solanki, Gaurav Chauhan, Bhavyata Chavada, Chirag Jani, Avinash Goswami, Manjari Pathak, Subhash Bhandari, M. G. Thakkar\",\"doi\":\"10.1134/S0024490225700087\",\"DOIUrl\":null,\"url\":null,\"abstract\":\"<p>Kaolin deposits of the Kachchh region in western India were investigated for their mineralogical, physicochemical, and geochemical characteristics in order to elucidate the genesis and potential for industrial applications. The sampling of kaolin deposits was carried out from all three physiographic divisions of Kachchh, which includes the Kachchh Mainland, Wagad Highland, and the Island Belt region. The geochemical characterizations of the kaolin were determined using X-ray fluorescence spectrometry (XRF). Further, mineralogical properties were assessed to identify and quantify the mineral phases using the X-ray diffraction (XRD) technique. Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) was used to determine the micro-morphology of kaolin minerals. Diagnostic physicochemical tests like color, brightness, whiteness, pH, and particle size distribution (PSD) were explored for several possible industrial applications. The results of geochemical indices, including the chemical index of alteration (CIA), the chemical index of weathering (CIW), and the index of compositional variability (ICV) were determined to assess the weathering conditions, type of source rock involved, and genesis of kaolin deposits. The major oxide composition of kaolin from the Kachchh region is dominated by SiO<sub>2</sub>, Al<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub>, Fe<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub>, and TiO<sub>2</sub>. Kaolinite is the major phyllosilicate present in the deposit along with accessory minerals such as quartz, goethite, muscovite, and anatase. Geochemical analysis using major, trace, and rare earth elements of kaolin samples suggests provenance and environmental conditions corresponding to formation during the Cretaceous-Tertiary period. Based on the results obtained from mineralogical, geochemical, and physical analysis, the kaolin deposits require the removal of existing impurities to optimize the grades. Further, the suitable applications could be ceramics, cosmetics, rubber, plastic, paints, and paper products. 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Geochemistry, Mineralogy, and Genesis of Kaolin Deposits of Kachchh, Western India and Its Possible Industrial Application
Kaolin deposits of the Kachchh region in western India were investigated for their mineralogical, physicochemical, and geochemical characteristics in order to elucidate the genesis and potential for industrial applications. The sampling of kaolin deposits was carried out from all three physiographic divisions of Kachchh, which includes the Kachchh Mainland, Wagad Highland, and the Island Belt region. The geochemical characterizations of the kaolin were determined using X-ray fluorescence spectrometry (XRF). Further, mineralogical properties were assessed to identify and quantify the mineral phases using the X-ray diffraction (XRD) technique. Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) was used to determine the micro-morphology of kaolin minerals. Diagnostic physicochemical tests like color, brightness, whiteness, pH, and particle size distribution (PSD) were explored for several possible industrial applications. The results of geochemical indices, including the chemical index of alteration (CIA), the chemical index of weathering (CIW), and the index of compositional variability (ICV) were determined to assess the weathering conditions, type of source rock involved, and genesis of kaolin deposits. The major oxide composition of kaolin from the Kachchh region is dominated by SiO2, Al2O3, Fe2O3, and TiO2. Kaolinite is the major phyllosilicate present in the deposit along with accessory minerals such as quartz, goethite, muscovite, and anatase. Geochemical analysis using major, trace, and rare earth elements of kaolin samples suggests provenance and environmental conditions corresponding to formation during the Cretaceous-Tertiary period. Based on the results obtained from mineralogical, geochemical, and physical analysis, the kaolin deposits require the removal of existing impurities to optimize the grades. Further, the suitable applications could be ceramics, cosmetics, rubber, plastic, paints, and paper products. Thus, this study has a significant potential to contribute to the economic development of the kaolin industries in the region.
期刊介绍：
Lithology and Mineral Resources is an international peer reviewed journal that publishes articles on a wide range of problems related to the formation of sedimentary rocks and ores. Special attention is given to comparison of ancient sedimentary rock and ore formation with present-day processes. The major part of the journal is devoted to comparative analysis of sedimentary processes on the continents and in oceans, as well as the genetic aspects of the formation of sedimentary and hydrothermal–sedimentary mineral resources. The journal welcomes manuscripts from all countries in the English or Russian language.
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