Study on the biosynthesis and antibacterial effect of Zinc Oxide Nanoparticles using aloe vera latex extract

In this study, we explore an effective method for the synthesis of ZnO nanoparticles through an environmentally friendly process using Aloe vera latex extract at three different temperatures: room temperature, 50°C, and 100°C. The successful synthesis of ZnO Nanoparticles has been confirmed by different spectroscopic analyses such as XRD that showed the pure phase of ZnO with hexagonal shape, UV–Vis showed the absorption band of ZnO at 360 nm, and FT-IR and SEM–EDX showed the nanostructure size of the synthesized nanoparticles. This method allowed the obtention of nanoparticles with the size of 20.65 ± 9.86, 19.89 ± 3.76, and 21.37 ± 5.43 nm for ZnO_RT, ZnO_50°C, and ZnO_100°C respectively. The antibacterial activity of the three synthesized nanoparticles was evaluated against four bacteria: E. coli, P. aeruginosa, S. aureus, and E. faecalis. Notably, the nanoparticles synthesized at 50 °C have demonstrated the highest activity with MIC of 0.16, 0.63, 0.08, and 0.08 mg/mL against E. coli, P. aeruginosa, S. aureus, and E. faecalis, respectively.