Samuel Takyi, Jacob Nchagmado Tagnan, Eren Erman Ozguven, Mark Horner, Ren Moses
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The model simulates individual decision-making and behavioral responses to shelter conditions, focusing on how efficiently rural inland and coastal populations can access shelters during emergencies. Unlike Floating Catchment Area (FCA) models, RAAM captures competitive interactions and adaptive route choices, allowing for more precise measurement of accessibility under disaster scenarios. Results show that rural inland counties like Liberty, Calhoun, and Gadsden exhibit the lowest accessibility due to sparse populations and limited transportation infrastructure, while urbanized and coastal counties such as parts of Leon, Bay, and Gulf show higher accessibility supported by better shelter availability and improved road network connectivity. RAAM scores were calculated and visualized at both block group and tract levels, providing localized and regional insights into spatial disparities. 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引用次数: 0
摘要
佛罗里达州西北部有着乡村景观，靠近大型水体，面临着飓风和热带风暴等自然灾害的重大风险。本研究引入了Rational Agent Accessibility Model (RAAM)，一种先进的空间建模框架，来评估地理信息系统（GIS）环境中受灾害影响的社区的飓风避难所的可达性。RAAM在传统方法的基础上进行了改进，将旅行时间、拥堵情况和不断变化的道路状况等动态变量纳入其中，从而对可达性挑战进行更现实的评估。该模型模拟了个人对住房条件的决策和行为反应，重点关注农村内陆和沿海人口在紧急情况下如何有效地进入避难所。与浮动集水区（FCA）模型不同，RAAM捕获竞争相互作用和自适应路线选择，允许更精确地测量灾害情景下的可达性。结果表明，由于人口稀少和交通基础设施有限，利伯蒂、卡尔霍恩和加兹登等农村内陆县的可达性最低，而城市化和沿海县，如莱昂、海湾和海湾的部分地区，在更好的住房可用性和改善的道路网络连接的支持下，可达性更高。RAAM评分在块组和区域水平上进行计算和可视化，提供局部和区域空间差异的见解。该研究强调了RAAM在精确定位空间差异和指导数据驱动的基础设施规划方面的优势。这些见解有助于应急规划人员优化疏散路线，缩短旅行时间，并加强防灾准备。最终，研究结果支持为佛罗里达州西北部的高危社区制定更具弹性和公平的应急响应战略。
Modeling Shelter Accessibility with Rational Agent Accessibility Model (RAAM): A Case Study of Northwest Florida
Northwest Florida, with its rural landscapes and proximity to large water bodies, faces significant risks from natural disasters such as hurricanes and tropical storms. This study introduces the Rational Agent Accessibility Model (RAAM), an advanced spatial modeling framework, to evaluate the accessibility of hurricane shelters for disaster-affected communities within a Geographic Information System (GIS) environment. RAAM improves upon traditional methods by incorporating dynamic variables such as travel time, congestion, and evolving roadway conditions, offering a more realistic assessment of accessibility challenges. The model simulates individual decision-making and behavioral responses to shelter conditions, focusing on how efficiently rural inland and coastal populations can access shelters during emergencies. Unlike Floating Catchment Area (FCA) models, RAAM captures competitive interactions and adaptive route choices, allowing for more precise measurement of accessibility under disaster scenarios. Results show that rural inland counties like Liberty, Calhoun, and Gadsden exhibit the lowest accessibility due to sparse populations and limited transportation infrastructure, while urbanized and coastal counties such as parts of Leon, Bay, and Gulf show higher accessibility supported by better shelter availability and improved road network connectivity. RAAM scores were calculated and visualized at both block group and tract levels, providing localized and regional insights into spatial disparities. The study highlights RAAM’s strength in pinpointing spatial disparities and guiding data-driven infrastructure planning. These insights assist emergency planners in optimizing evacuation routes, reducing travel times, and enhancing disaster preparedness. Ultimately, the findings support the creation of more resilient and equitable emergency response strategies for at-risk communities in Northwest Florida.
期刊介绍：
Description
The journal has an applied focus: it actively promotes the importance of geographical research in real world settings
It is policy-relevant: it seeks both a readership and contributions from practitioners as well as academics
The substantive foundation is spatial analysis: the use of quantitative techniques to identify patterns and processes within geographic environments
The combination of these points, which are fully reflected in the naming of the journal, establishes a unique position in the marketplace.
RationaleA geographical perspective has always been crucial to the understanding of the social and physical organisation of the world around us. The techniques of spatial analysis provide a powerful means for the assembly and interpretation of evidence, and thus to address critical questions about issues such as crime and deprivation, immigration and demographic restructuring, retailing activity and employment change, resource management and environmental improvement. Many of these issues are equally important to academic research as they are to policy makers and Applied Spatial Analysis and Policy aims to close the gap between these two perspectives by providing a forum for discussion of applied research in a range of different contexts
Topical and interdisciplinaryIncreasingly government organisations, administrative agencies and private businesses are requiring research to support their ‘evidence-based’ strategies or policies. Geographical location is critical in much of this work which extends across a wide range of disciplines including demography, actuarial sciences, statistics, public sector planning, business planning, economics, epidemiology, sociology, social policy, health research, environmental management.
FocusApplied Spatial Analysis and Policy will draw on applied research from diverse problem domains, such as transport, policing, education, health, environment and leisure, in different international contexts. The journal will therefore provide insights into the variations in phenomena that exist across space, it will provide evidence for comparative policy analysis between domains and between locations, and stimulate ideas about the translation of spatial analysis methods and techniques across varied policy contexts. It is essential to know how to measure, monitor and understand spatial distributions, many of which have implications for those with responsibility to plan and enhance the society and the environment in which we all exist.
Readership and Editorial BoardAs a journal focused on applications of methods of spatial analysis, Applied Spatial Analysis and Policy will be of interest to scholars and students in a wide range of academic fields, to practitioners in government and administrative agencies and to consultants in private sector organisations. The Editorial Board reflects the international and multidisciplinary nature of the journal.
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