滇中中更新世旧石器时代甘棠青遗址中月子科最早考古记录及其环境意义

Guan-Yu Chen, Jian-Hui Liu, Huan-Chong Wang, Yong-Jiang Huang
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引用次数: 0

摘要

Menispermaceae是一个拥有丰富化石记录的大科,但其考古发现仍然很少。本文报道了该科最早的考古记录,基于在云南中部富仙湖盆地南部旧石器时代甘塘青遗址中多层发现的结构保存完好的Sinomenium和Stephania两属果核(内果核)。青藤果核的特点是呈马蹄形,挖掘的中心区域周围是一个略不对称的c形侧嵴,装饰着横向脊,靠近长肢的地方有一个椭圆孔。天马花的特征是马蹄形,外侧嵴饰有横肋和髁状区域。由于这两个属的现代植物都生长在热带至亚热带气候的常绿阔叶林的林下或边缘,因此我们提出了中更新世时期云南中部甘塘青遗址及其附近的热带至亚热带常绿阔叶林。基于植物沉积时期甘棠青遗址的人类活动,我们进一步认为这些早期人类可能生活在古抚仙湖附近的热带至亚热带常绿阔叶林中或边缘地带。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
The earliest archaeological record of Menispermaceae from the mid-Pleistocene Palaeolithic Gantangqing site in central Yunnan, Southwest China and its environmental implications

Menispermaceae is a large family with a rich fossil record, but its archaeological occurrences remain scarce. Here we report the earliest archaeological record of the family, based on structurally preserved fruit stones (endocarps) of its two genera, namely Sinomenium and Stephania, recovered from multiple layers at the mid-Pleistocene (361‒250 Ka BP) Paleolithic Gantangqing site in the southern Fuxian Lake basin, central Yunnan Province, Southwest China. The fruit stones of Sinomenium are characterized by a horseshoe shape, an excavated central area surrounded by a slightly asymmetrical C-shaped lateral crest decorated with transverse ridges and an elliptic aperture located near the longer limb. Those of Stephania are characterized by a horseshoe shape with a lateral crest decorated with transverse ribs and a condyle area. As the modern plants of the two genera grow in the understory or on the edge of evergreen broadleaved forests in tropical to subtropical climates, we propose a tropical to subtropical evergreen broadleaved forest at or near the Gantangqing site in central Yunnan during the mid-Pleistocene. Based on the human occupation of the Gantangqing site at the time of plant deposition, we further suggest that these early humans probably lived in or on the edge of this tropical to subtropical evergreen broadleaved forest in the vicinity of the ancient Fuxian Lake at that time.

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