Cultural insights for the READINESS framework: A qualitative study of practitioner and scholar perspectives

Preparing and becoming “ready” for a crisis is a sticky endeavor. Organizations must adapt and overcome obstacles to effectively manage and engage crises. According to Jin et al.’s (2025) READINESS framework, READINESS is distinct from preparedness and resilience. Specifically, READINESS is a mindset indicating a desire to engage with crisis preparation and execute a crisis response. The purpose of this study is to examine the role of culture in READINESS, indicators of READINESS, attributes of crisis management leadership, and how an organization can build and strengthen READINESS. Twenty-six crisis communication experts (scholars and practitioners) responded to questions either in a focus group or in-depth interview format. Key findings include the importance of an organization being prepared and building and fostering a culture of READINESS before a crisis. Furthermore, cultural differences, such as organizational culture and national culture(s) surrounding a company, can impact how READINESS is carried out. Still, the base concept remains the same regardless of culture. Lastly, acting quickly, seeing the “big picture,” and exerting emotional intelligence exemplify optimal crisis management leadership, contributing to organizational culture and crisis READINESS. This work has implications for crisis leaders, informing them how to build and strengthen READINESS in their organizations. This study aims to be a stepping stone for future work in which researchers can develop a READINESS measure for application in the crisis management industry.