Sakar Rijal,F Kathryn King,Hmayag Partamian,Saeed Jahromi,M Scott Perry,Crystal Cooper,Christos Papadelis
{"title":"评估儿童癫痫兴奋性/抑制性失衡的无创生物标志物。","authors":"Sakar Rijal,F Kathryn King,Hmayag Partamian,Saeed Jahromi,M Scott Perry,Crystal Cooper,Christos Papadelis","doi":"10.1523/jneurosci.0520-25.2025","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"Epileptic seizures involve a cortical excitation-inhibition imbalance driven by dysfunctional interneurons that contribute to gamma oscillations generation. While impaired gamma oscillations are commonly reported in epilepsy, the dynamics of broadband and narrowband gamma as well as beta oscillations remain underexplored. These oscillations may serve as noninvasive electrophysiological markers associated with altered cortical dynamics, potentially reflecting underlying excitation-inhibition imbalance in epilepsy. Here, we recorded high-density electroencephalography and magnetoencephalography data to investigate visual stimuli-elicited cortical oscillations in 48 neurotypical (20 females) and 49 children (26 females) with epilepsy. We found that epilepsy is characterized by reduced amplitude and prolonged latency of evoked cortical response compared to controls after visual stimulation, with alterations in N1 peaks, and M100, M150, and M250 components (p<0.05). Additionally, source imaging revealed disrupted oscillatory features in epilepsy patients, including suppressed power, reduced amplitude, and increased latency in evoked and induced beta and gamma oscillations from the visual cortex (p<0.05). These alterations were consistent across diverse epilepsy subtypes, including focal, generalized, and non-lesional epilepsy cases. Utilizing these differences, we developed a novel classification model that differentiates individuals with epilepsy from controls with high accuracy, offering potential clinical utility in epilepsy diagnosis. Our results suggest that disrupted beta and gamma oscillations may be associated with impaired inhibitory mechanisms and altered cortical dynamics, potentially indicative of an excitation-inhibition imbalance. Our findings highlight the potential of noninvasive electrophysiological biomarkers to capture cortical dynamics possibly influenced by excitation-inhibition imbalance in epilepsy, supporting their use in early diagnosis and disease monitoring.Significance Statement Diagnosing pediatric epilepsy is challenging as seizures often manifest subtly or mimic benign behaviors, complicating electroencephalogram interpretation. This underscores the need for noninvasive neurophysiological markers that can characterize cortical dysfunction. Excitation-inhibition imbalance is widely recognized as a key mechanism in the pathophysiology of epilepsy, with substantial evidence linking it to cortical gamma oscillations. Here, we identified consistent alterations in visually evoked and induced beta and gamma oscillations in children with epilepsy, which possibly reflect disturbances in inhibitory control and broader disruptions in cortical network dynamics. Features derived from these oscillations distinguished epilepsy from controls with good accuracy. These findings indicate that visual stimulus-related electrophysiological features are promising biomarkers for assisting early diagnosis and tracking disease progression in pediatric epilepsy.","PeriodicalId":50114,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Neuroscience","volume":"42 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.0000,"publicationDate":"2025-09-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":"0","resultStr":"{\"title\":\"Noninvasive Biomarkers for Assessing the Excitatory/Inhibitory Imbalance in Children with Epilepsy.\",\"authors\":\"Sakar Rijal,F Kathryn King,Hmayag Partamian,Saeed Jahromi,M Scott Perry,Crystal Cooper,Christos Papadelis\",\"doi\":\"10.1523/jneurosci.0520-25.2025\",\"DOIUrl\":null,\"url\":null,\"abstract\":\"Epileptic seizures involve a cortical excitation-inhibition imbalance driven by dysfunctional interneurons that contribute to gamma oscillations generation. While impaired gamma oscillations are commonly reported in epilepsy, the dynamics of broadband and narrowband gamma as well as beta oscillations remain underexplored. These oscillations may serve as noninvasive electrophysiological markers associated with altered cortical dynamics, potentially reflecting underlying excitation-inhibition imbalance in epilepsy. Here, we recorded high-density electroencephalography and magnetoencephalography data to investigate visual stimuli-elicited cortical oscillations in 48 neurotypical (20 females) and 49 children (26 females) with epilepsy. We found that epilepsy is characterized by reduced amplitude and prolonged latency of evoked cortical response compared to controls after visual stimulation, with alterations in N1 peaks, and M100, M150, and M250 components (p<0.05). Additionally, source imaging revealed disrupted oscillatory features in epilepsy patients, including suppressed power, reduced amplitude, and increased latency in evoked and induced beta and gamma oscillations from the visual cortex (p<0.05). These alterations were consistent across diverse epilepsy subtypes, including focal, generalized, and non-lesional epilepsy cases. Utilizing these differences, we developed a novel classification model that differentiates individuals with epilepsy from controls with high accuracy, offering potential clinical utility in epilepsy diagnosis. Our results suggest that disrupted beta and gamma oscillations may be associated with impaired inhibitory mechanisms and altered cortical dynamics, potentially indicative of an excitation-inhibition imbalance. Our findings highlight the potential of noninvasive electrophysiological biomarkers to capture cortical dynamics possibly influenced by excitation-inhibition imbalance in epilepsy, supporting their use in early diagnosis and disease monitoring.Significance Statement Diagnosing pediatric epilepsy is challenging as seizures often manifest subtly or mimic benign behaviors, complicating electroencephalogram interpretation. This underscores the need for noninvasive neurophysiological markers that can characterize cortical dysfunction. Excitation-inhibition imbalance is widely recognized as a key mechanism in the pathophysiology of epilepsy, with substantial evidence linking it to cortical gamma oscillations. Here, we identified consistent alterations in visually evoked and induced beta and gamma oscillations in children with epilepsy, which possibly reflect disturbances in inhibitory control and broader disruptions in cortical network dynamics. Features derived from these oscillations distinguished epilepsy from controls with good accuracy. 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Noninvasive Biomarkers for Assessing the Excitatory/Inhibitory Imbalance in Children with Epilepsy.
Epileptic seizures involve a cortical excitation-inhibition imbalance driven by dysfunctional interneurons that contribute to gamma oscillations generation. While impaired gamma oscillations are commonly reported in epilepsy, the dynamics of broadband and narrowband gamma as well as beta oscillations remain underexplored. These oscillations may serve as noninvasive electrophysiological markers associated with altered cortical dynamics, potentially reflecting underlying excitation-inhibition imbalance in epilepsy. Here, we recorded high-density electroencephalography and magnetoencephalography data to investigate visual stimuli-elicited cortical oscillations in 48 neurotypical (20 females) and 49 children (26 females) with epilepsy. We found that epilepsy is characterized by reduced amplitude and prolonged latency of evoked cortical response compared to controls after visual stimulation, with alterations in N1 peaks, and M100, M150, and M250 components (p<0.05). Additionally, source imaging revealed disrupted oscillatory features in epilepsy patients, including suppressed power, reduced amplitude, and increased latency in evoked and induced beta and gamma oscillations from the visual cortex (p<0.05). These alterations were consistent across diverse epilepsy subtypes, including focal, generalized, and non-lesional epilepsy cases. Utilizing these differences, we developed a novel classification model that differentiates individuals with epilepsy from controls with high accuracy, offering potential clinical utility in epilepsy diagnosis. Our results suggest that disrupted beta and gamma oscillations may be associated with impaired inhibitory mechanisms and altered cortical dynamics, potentially indicative of an excitation-inhibition imbalance. Our findings highlight the potential of noninvasive electrophysiological biomarkers to capture cortical dynamics possibly influenced by excitation-inhibition imbalance in epilepsy, supporting their use in early diagnosis and disease monitoring.Significance Statement Diagnosing pediatric epilepsy is challenging as seizures often manifest subtly or mimic benign behaviors, complicating electroencephalogram interpretation. This underscores the need for noninvasive neurophysiological markers that can characterize cortical dysfunction. Excitation-inhibition imbalance is widely recognized as a key mechanism in the pathophysiology of epilepsy, with substantial evidence linking it to cortical gamma oscillations. Here, we identified consistent alterations in visually evoked and induced beta and gamma oscillations in children with epilepsy, which possibly reflect disturbances in inhibitory control and broader disruptions in cortical network dynamics. Features derived from these oscillations distinguished epilepsy from controls with good accuracy. These findings indicate that visual stimulus-related electrophysiological features are promising biomarkers for assisting early diagnosis and tracking disease progression in pediatric epilepsy.
期刊介绍:
JNeurosci (ISSN 0270-6474) is an official journal of the Society for Neuroscience. It is published weekly by the Society, fifty weeks a year, one volume a year. JNeurosci publishes papers on a broad range of topics of general interest to those working on the nervous system. Authors now have an Open Choice option for their published articles