研究肌肉因子在老年人运动诱导的认知变化中的中介作用：一项实时系统回顾和荟萃分析。

IF 7.9 1区医学 Q1 BEHAVIORAL SCIENCES

Neuroscience and Biobehavioral Reviews Pub Date : 2025-09-23 DOI:10.1016/j.neubiorev.2025.106381

Wouter A.J. Vints , Evrim Gökçe , Antoine Langeard , Iuliia Pavlova , Özge Selin Çevik , Mohammad Mosaferi Ziaaldini , Jasemin Todri , Orges Lena , Salit Bar Shalom , Suzanne Jak , Ioanna Zorba (Zormpa) , Christina Karatzaferi , Oron Levin , Nerijus Masiulis , Yael Netz , On behalf of the PhysAgeNet

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引用次数: 0

摘要

尽管有强有力的证据表明运动训练与认知益处有关，但潜在的生物学机制仍然存在不确定性，一些研究强调需要更大的共识。肌肉来源的运动因子（肌因子）被认为是运动诱导效应的介质，具有减轻与年龄相关的认知衰退的潜在意义。这项活的系统回顾和荟萃分析检查了随机对照试验，这些试验调查了运动对50岁及以上人群的认知和1126种潜在肌肉因子中的任何一种的影响。从17,177个筛选记录中，43个研究符合纳入标准，报告了7个神经营养因子、11个促炎因子和2个抗炎因子的数据。一项三水平荟萃分析显示，与对照组相比，运动组在运动后的认知表现（SMD = 0.579）和神经营养因子水平（SMD = 0.427）均有显著改善，但促炎因子和抗炎因子水平无显著变化。使用meta分析结构方程模型（MASEM）的中介分析没有发现肌因子对认知的显著间接影响，只有有限的数据（9项研究）报告了肌因子水平与认知结果之间的直接后测试相关性。在老年人中，运动改善了几个认知领域，增加了某些肌肉因子，特别是BDNF。然而，目前的证据不足以确定肌因子是否介导这些益处，因为中介分析受到小样本、不完整的报告和方法限制。未来需要有标准化方案和全面生物标志物报告的有力试验来阐明这一机制途径。作为一项生活回顾，这项工作将不断更新，以完善我们对肌因子是否介导老年人运动诱导的认知益处的理解。

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Investigating the mediating effect of myokines on exercise-induced cognitive changes in older adults: A living systematic review and meta-analysis

Despite strong evidence linking exercise training to cognitive benefits, uncertainty remains regarding the underlying biological mechanisms, with some studies highlighting the need for greater consensus. Muscle-derived exerkines (myokines) are proposed mediators of exercise-induced effects with potential implications for mitigating age-related cognitive decline. This living systematic review and meta-analysis examined randomized controlled trials investigating the effects of exercise on both cognition and any of 1126 potential myokines in individuals aged 50 and older. From 17,177 screened records, 43 studies met inclusion criteria, reporting data on 7 neurotrophic, 11 pro-inflammatory, and 2 anti-inflammatory factors. A three-level meta-analysis revealed significantly improved cognitive performance post-exercise (SMD = 0.579) and elevated neurotrophic factor levels (SMD = 0.427) in exercise groups compared to controls, but no significant changes in pro-inflammatory or anti-inflammatory factor levels. Mediation analysis using meta-analytic structural equation modeling (MASEM) did not detect significant indirect effects of myokines on cognition, with only limited data (9 studies) reporting direct post-test correlations between myokine levels and cognitive outcomes. Exercise improved several cognitive domains and increased certain myokines, particularly BDNF, in older adults. However, current evidence is insufficient to determine whether myokines mediate these benefits, as mediation analyses were limited by small samples, incomplete reporting, and methodological constraints. Future well-powered trials with standardized protocols and comprehensive biomarker reporting are needed to clarify this mechanistic pathway. As a living review, this work will be continuously updated to refine our understanding of whether myokines mediate exercise-induced cognitive benefits in aging populations.

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来源期刊

Neuroscience and Biobehavioral Reviews 医学-行为科学

CiteScore

14.20

自引率

3.70%

发文量

466

审稿时长

6 months

期刊介绍： The official journal of the International Behavioral Neuroscience Society publishes original and significant review articles that explore the intersection between neuroscience and the study of psychological processes and behavior. The journal also welcomes articles that primarily focus on psychological processes and behavior, as long as they have relevance to one or more areas of neuroscience.