The effects of montelukast sodium in conjunction with budesonide/formoterol on pulmonary function and serum markers (interleukin-6, tumor necrosis factor-α, eosinophils (EOS) count) in obstructive airway diseases (asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease).

Aim: The research objective was to evaluate the effectiveness and safety of using montelukast sodium alongside budesonide/formoterol in individuals with obstructive airway diseases.

Material and methods: A prospective study was conducted on 100 obstructive airway disease patients who had received treatment of budesonide/formoterol inhalation powder (control group, n = 50) or montelukast sodium tablets supplemented to budesonide/formoterol inhalation powder (observation group, n = 50). Both groups underwent a 3-month treatment, and the assessment of effectiveness relied on symptom improvement, with a comparative analysis of outcomes for symptoms such as cough, sputum, wheezing, and dyspnoea. The evaluation involved measuring pulmonary function indicators like FEV1 and FEV1/FVC as well as comparing serum markers such as interleukin-6, tumor necrosis factor-α, eosinophils count, and fractional exhaled nitric oxide.

Results: With a total effective rate of 94.00%, the observation group showed a significant improvement in comparison to the control group, which achieved 80% effectiveness (p < 0.05). Additionally, the observation group experienced a significantly faster alleviation of symptoms such as cough, sputum, wheezing, and dyspnoea than the control group (p < 0.05). Post-treatment, the observation group showed significantly better pulmonary function and lower inflammatory markers in comparison to the control group (p < 0.05). Notably, there was no significant variance in the occurrence of adverse reactions between groups.

Conclusions: Montelukast sodium in conjunction with budesonide/formoterol presents a pronounced advantage in effectiveness and safety for treating obstructive airway diseases in individuals. It effectively alleviates symptoms, enhances pulmonary function, and diminishes inflammation, offering critical insights for clinical management.