{"title":"海洋藻类代谢物作为细胞抗氧化剂：酿酒酵母中茎木素和茎木素酸的研究。","authors":"Graziana Assalve, Paola Lunetti, Annalisa Fai, Antonio Terlizzi, Vincenzo Zara, Alessandra Ferramosca","doi":"10.3390/md23090338","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Oxidative stress caused by excessive reactive oxygen species (ROS) contributes to numerous chronic diseases. Marine green algae of the <i>Caulerpa</i> genus are rich in bioactive compounds with potential antioxidant activity.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>This study aimed to evaluate the intracellular antioxidant effects of caulerpin (CAU) and its derivative caulerpinic acid (CA) using <i>Saccharomyces cerevisiae</i> as a eukaryotic model.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Yeast cells were pretreated with 1 μM of CAU or CA, or with 1 μM of resveratrol (RESV) as a positive control, then exposed to 2 mM of H<sub>2</sub>O<sub>2</sub>. Growth, ROS levels, oxidative damage markers, and antioxidant defenses were assessed.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Both CAU and CA significantly improved cell survival under oxidative stress, restoring growth rates (CAU: 0.129 h<sup>-1</sup>, CA: 0.137 h<sup>-1</sup>) and doubling times (CAU: 5.38 h, CA: 5.07 h) close to control values. Intracellular ROS accumulation, protein carbonylation, and lipid peroxidation were reduced to near-baseline levels. While catalase (Cat) and superoxide dismutase (Sod) activity remained unchanged, CAU and CA elevated intracellular glutathione (GSH) levels (1.6-1.8 fold) and preserved glutathione peroxidase (GPx) activity, compared to stressed cells without antioxidant pretreatment.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>CAU and CA act as effective intracellular antioxidants, primarily via ROS scavenging and GSH-dependent pathways. These findings support their potential as natural candidates for developing antioxidant-based therapies against ROS-related disorders.</p>","PeriodicalId":18222,"journal":{"name":"Marine Drugs","volume":"23 9","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.4000,"publicationDate":"2025-08-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12471837/pdf/","citationCount":"0","resultStr":"{\"title\":\"Marine Algal Metabolites as Cellular Antioxidants: A Study of Caulerpin and Caulerpinic Acid in <i>Saccharomyces cerevisiae</i>.\",\"authors\":\"Graziana Assalve, Paola Lunetti, Annalisa Fai, Antonio Terlizzi, Vincenzo Zara, Alessandra Ferramosca\",\"doi\":\"10.3390/md23090338\",\"DOIUrl\":null,\"url\":null,\"abstract\":\"<p><p>Oxidative stress caused by excessive reactive oxygen species (ROS) contributes to numerous chronic diseases. Marine green algae of the <i>Caulerpa</i> genus are rich in bioactive compounds with potential antioxidant activity.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>This study aimed to evaluate the intracellular antioxidant effects of caulerpin (CAU) and its derivative caulerpinic acid (CA) using <i>Saccharomyces cerevisiae</i> as a eukaryotic model.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Yeast cells were pretreated with 1 μM of CAU or CA, or with 1 μM of resveratrol (RESV) as a positive control, then exposed to 2 mM of H<sub>2</sub>O<sub>2</sub>. Growth, ROS levels, oxidative damage markers, and antioxidant defenses were assessed.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Both CAU and CA significantly improved cell survival under oxidative stress, restoring growth rates (CAU: 0.129 h<sup>-1</sup>, CA: 0.137 h<sup>-1</sup>) and doubling times (CAU: 5.38 h, CA: 5.07 h) close to control values. Intracellular ROS accumulation, protein carbonylation, and lipid peroxidation were reduced to near-baseline levels. While catalase (Cat) and superoxide dismutase (Sod) activity remained unchanged, CAU and CA elevated intracellular glutathione (GSH) levels (1.6-1.8 fold) and preserved glutathione peroxidase (GPx) activity, compared to stressed cells without antioxidant pretreatment.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>CAU and CA act as effective intracellular antioxidants, primarily via ROS scavenging and GSH-dependent pathways. These findings support their potential as natural candidates for developing antioxidant-based therapies against ROS-related disorders.</p>\",\"PeriodicalId\":18222,\"journal\":{\"name\":\"Marine Drugs\",\"volume\":\"23 9\",\"pages\":\"\"},\"PeriodicalIF\":5.4000,\"publicationDate\":\"2025-08-25\",\"publicationTypes\":\"Journal Article\",\"fieldsOfStudy\":null,\"isOpenAccess\":false,\"openAccessPdf\":\"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12471837/pdf/\",\"citationCount\":\"0\",\"resultStr\":null,\"platform\":\"Semanticscholar\",\"paperid\":null,\"PeriodicalName\":\"Marine Drugs\",\"FirstCategoryId\":\"3\",\"ListUrlMain\":\"https://doi.org/10.3390/md23090338\",\"RegionNum\":2,\"RegionCategory\":\"医学\",\"ArticlePicture\":[],\"TitleCN\":null,\"AbstractTextCN\":null,\"PMCID\":null,\"EPubDate\":\"\",\"PubModel\":\"\",\"JCR\":\"Q1\",\"JCRName\":\"CHEMISTRY, MEDICINAL\",\"Score\":null,\"Total\":0}","platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Marine Drugs","FirstCategoryId":"3","ListUrlMain":"https://doi.org/10.3390/md23090338","RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"Q1","JCRName":"CHEMISTRY, MEDICINAL","Score":null,"Total":0}
Marine Algal Metabolites as Cellular Antioxidants: A Study of Caulerpin and Caulerpinic Acid in Saccharomyces cerevisiae.
Oxidative stress caused by excessive reactive oxygen species (ROS) contributes to numerous chronic diseases. Marine green algae of the Caulerpa genus are rich in bioactive compounds with potential antioxidant activity.
Objective: This study aimed to evaluate the intracellular antioxidant effects of caulerpin (CAU) and its derivative caulerpinic acid (CA) using Saccharomyces cerevisiae as a eukaryotic model.
Methods: Yeast cells were pretreated with 1 μM of CAU or CA, or with 1 μM of resveratrol (RESV) as a positive control, then exposed to 2 mM of H2O2. Growth, ROS levels, oxidative damage markers, and antioxidant defenses were assessed.
Results: Both CAU and CA significantly improved cell survival under oxidative stress, restoring growth rates (CAU: 0.129 h-1, CA: 0.137 h-1) and doubling times (CAU: 5.38 h, CA: 5.07 h) close to control values. Intracellular ROS accumulation, protein carbonylation, and lipid peroxidation were reduced to near-baseline levels. While catalase (Cat) and superoxide dismutase (Sod) activity remained unchanged, CAU and CA elevated intracellular glutathione (GSH) levels (1.6-1.8 fold) and preserved glutathione peroxidase (GPx) activity, compared to stressed cells without antioxidant pretreatment.
Conclusions: CAU and CA act as effective intracellular antioxidants, primarily via ROS scavenging and GSH-dependent pathways. These findings support their potential as natural candidates for developing antioxidant-based therapies against ROS-related disorders.
期刊介绍：
Marine Drugs (ISSN 1660-3397) publishes reviews, regular research papers and short notes on the research, development and production of drugs from the sea. Our aim is to encourage scientists to publish their experimental and theoretical research in as much detail as possible, particularly synthetic procedures and characterization information for bioactive compounds. There is no restriction on the length of the experimental section.
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