涝渍下玉米生理:茎和根对低氧胁迫的适应性响应。

IF 5.7 2区 生物学 Q1 PLANT SCIENCES
Gustavo G Striker, Takaki Yamauchi, Federico P O Mollard
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引用次数: 0

摘要

涝渍是玉米(Zea mays L.)生产力的主要制约因素,特别是在受极端降水影响日益严重的地区。本文综述了玉米对低氧胁迫的生理和分子反应,重点介绍了根和芽组织的适应机制。在根中,缺氧、乙烯和活性氧信号触发了溶解性通气组织的形成,促进了内部氧的扩散。洪水诱导的不定根——由乙烯-生长素相互作用和棉子糖代谢调节——促进细侧根发育,增强营养吸收。由于玉米缺乏对径向氧损失的严格屏障,促进尼加拉瓜玉米形成的数量性状位点的渗入代表了有希望的育种目标。幼苗水平的生理变化,包括气孔导度降低、光合作用受损和过早衰老,可能是由氧化应激信号引起的。土壤饱和结束后,叶片损伤仍持续很长时间,表明恢复能力有限。细胞分裂素可以减轻氧化损伤和延缓衰老,提供了提高芽弹性的潜力。需要进一步的研究来确定玉米茎部是否存在通气组织及其调控机制。整合转录组学、表型组学和基于实地的评估对于了解根和芽的反应至关重要,并将加速为易受洪水影响的农业生态系统培育气候适应型玉米。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
Maize physiology under waterlogging: shoot and root adaptive responses to mitigate low oxygen stress.

Waterlogging is a major constraint to maize (Zea mays L.) productivity, particularly in regions increasingly affected by extreme precipitation. This review synthesizes current knowledge on the physiological and molecular responses of maize to low-oxygen stress, focusing on adaptive mechanisms in both root and shoot tissues. In roots, lysigenous aerenchyma formation is triggered by hypoxia, ethylene, and reactive oxygen species signaling, facilitating internal oxygen diffusion. Flood-induced adventitious roots-regulated by ethylene-auxin interactions and raffinose metabolism-promote fine lateral root development, enhancing nutrient uptake. Since maize lacks a tight barrier to radial oxygen loss, introgression of the quantitative trait locus that promotes its formation from Zea nicaraguensis, represents promising breeding targets. Shoot-level physiological changes-including reduced stomatal conductance, impaired photosynthesis, and premature senescence-may result from oxidative stress signaling. Leaf damage persists long after soil saturation ends, indicating limited recovery capacity. Cytokinins can mitigate oxidative damage and delay senescence, offering the potential for enhancing shoot resilience. Further research is needed to determine if shoot aerenchyma occurs in maize and how it is regulated. Integrating transcriptomics, phenomics, and field-based evaluations will be crucial to understand both root and shoot responses and will accelerate the breeding of climate-resilient maize for flood-prone agroecosystems.

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来源期刊
Journal of Experimental Botany
Journal of Experimental Botany 生物-植物科学
CiteScore
12.30
自引率
4.30%
发文量
450
审稿时长
1.9 months
期刊介绍: The Journal of Experimental Botany publishes high-quality primary research and review papers in the plant sciences. These papers cover a range of disciplines from molecular and cellular physiology and biochemistry through whole plant physiology to community physiology. Full-length primary papers should contribute to our understanding of how plants develop and function, and should provide new insights into biological processes. The journal will not publish purely descriptive papers or papers that report a well-known process in a species in which the process has not been identified previously. Articles should be concise and generally limited to 10 printed pages.
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