Trends in Endoscopist Reporting Rates of Eosinophilic Gastrointestinal Diseases in Japan Evaluated by the Japan Endoscopy Database Project

Objectives

To examine the annual trends in the occurrence of eosinophilic gastrointestinal disease (EGID) in Japan.

Methods

This study examined data from patients with EGID who underwent endoscopy at 716 facilities between January 2015 and March 2023. Data extracted from the Japanese Endoscopy Database (JED) included endoscopic procedure counts, patient demographics, Helicobacter pylori infection status, comorbidities, and balloon dilatation. Analyses incorporated both confirmed and suspected EGID cases.

Results

In total, 9,940,870 endoscopic procedures were performed, identifying 9669 cases of EGID. From 2015 to 2023, the Cochran–Armitage trend test showed a significant increase in cases of eosinophilic esophagitis (EoE), eosinophilic gastritis (EoG), and eosinophilic duodenitis (EoD) (p < 0.001). However, no significant trend was observed for eosinophilic enteritis (EoN) or eosinophilic colitis (EoC) (p = 0.136). The number of EoE cases increased, with reporting rates changing from 36 (0.0464%) in 2015 to 3631 (0.176%) in 2022 (p < 0.001). EoG + EoD cases increased from one (0.0013%) to 410 (0.0199%) (p < 0.001), while EoN + EoC cases remained stable (p = 0.136).

Conclusions

The JED project data showed increasing detection of EoE, EoG, and EoD in Japan, while EoN and/or EoC cases remained stable. These findings are based on reporting rates from individuals undergoing endoscopy, rather than estimates from population-based endoscopist reporting rates.