{"title":"水稻PISTILLATA基因的功能遗传学揭示了其在开花时间、雌性育性和孤雌结实中的新作用和靶基因","authors":"Mohamed Zamzam, Ritabrata Basak, Sharad Singh, Sandhan Prakash, Raghavaram Peesapati, Imtiyaz Khanday, Sara Simonini, Ueli Grossniklaus, Usha Vijayraghavan","doi":"10.1111/tpj.70490","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<div>\n \n <p>Floral organ identity is controlled largely by the combinatorial action of MADS domain homeotic transcription factors. Lodicules are specialized plant organs in cereals and grasses that are involved in floret opening and facilitate pollination and fertility in rice (<i>Oryza sativa</i> L.). To understand the mechanisms underlying the specification of the rice lodicule, we investigated the developmental functions of the rice <i>PISTILLATA</i> (<i>PI</i>) paralogs, <i>OsMADS2</i>, and <i>OsMADS4</i>. Null <i>osmads2</i> mutants reiterated OsMADS2 nonredundant lodicule specification roles and revealed new roles in flowering time and floral organ number and fate. Doubly perturbed <i>osmads2 osmads4kd</i> florets had severe abnormalities, were female infertile, yet could initiate parthenocarpy. Ubiquitous <i>OsMADS4</i> overexpression rescued <i>osmads2</i> abnormalities. We also utilized genome-wide binding analyses and transcriptome profiling to identify putative target genes contributing to OsMADS2 functions. In <i>osmads2</i><sup><i>d8/d8</i></sup> null mutant, we observed deregulated genes in a plethora of processes including lodicule and stamen development, floral organ number, and cell wall development. Some examples are cell division regulators (Cyclin D6, Cyclin-P4-1-like), an aquaporin (PIP1A), a peptide transporter, a vascular developmental regulator (HOX1), and a cell wall modulator (GH9B16). The deregulation of these genes may be associated with the disrupted cell division, tissue differentiation, and physiology of the malformed lodicules in <i>osmads2</i> and <i>osmads2 osmads4kd</i> florets. Altogether, we reveal novel roles for the rice <i>PI</i> paralogs in flowering time, panicle exsertion, and embryo sac differentiation, identify gene targets for lodicule development, and provide mechanistic insights on the functional diversification of rice <i>PI</i> paralogs.</p>\n </div>","PeriodicalId":233,"journal":{"name":"The Plant Journal","volume":"123 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.7000,"publicationDate":"2025-09-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":"0","resultStr":"{\"title\":\"Functional genetics of rice PISTILLATA genes reveals new roles and target genes in flowering time, female fertility, and parthenocarpy\",\"authors\":\"Mohamed Zamzam, Ritabrata Basak, Sharad Singh, Sandhan Prakash, Raghavaram Peesapati, Imtiyaz Khanday, Sara Simonini, Ueli Grossniklaus, Usha Vijayraghavan\",\"doi\":\"10.1111/tpj.70490\",\"DOIUrl\":null,\"url\":null,\"abstract\":\"<div>\\n \\n <p>Floral organ identity is controlled largely by the combinatorial action of MADS domain homeotic transcription factors. Lodicules are specialized plant organs in cereals and grasses that are involved in floret opening and facilitate pollination and fertility in rice (<i>Oryza sativa</i> L.). To understand the mechanisms underlying the specification of the rice lodicule, we investigated the developmental functions of the rice <i>PISTILLATA</i> (<i>PI</i>) paralogs, <i>OsMADS2</i>, and <i>OsMADS4</i>. Null <i>osmads2</i> mutants reiterated OsMADS2 nonredundant lodicule specification roles and revealed new roles in flowering time and floral organ number and fate. Doubly perturbed <i>osmads2 osmads4kd</i> florets had severe abnormalities, were female infertile, yet could initiate parthenocarpy. Ubiquitous <i>OsMADS4</i> overexpression rescued <i>osmads2</i> abnormalities. We also utilized genome-wide binding analyses and transcriptome profiling to identify putative target genes contributing to OsMADS2 functions. In <i>osmads2</i><sup><i>d8/d8</i></sup> null mutant, we observed deregulated genes in a plethora of processes including lodicule and stamen development, floral organ number, and cell wall development. Some examples are cell division regulators (Cyclin D6, Cyclin-P4-1-like), an aquaporin (PIP1A), a peptide transporter, a vascular developmental regulator (HOX1), and a cell wall modulator (GH9B16). The deregulation of these genes may be associated with the disrupted cell division, tissue differentiation, and physiology of the malformed lodicules in <i>osmads2</i> and <i>osmads2 osmads4kd</i> florets. Altogether, we reveal novel roles for the rice <i>PI</i> paralogs in flowering time, panicle exsertion, and embryo sac differentiation, identify gene targets for lodicule development, and provide mechanistic insights on the functional diversification of rice <i>PI</i> paralogs.</p>\\n </div>\",\"PeriodicalId\":233,\"journal\":{\"name\":\"The Plant Journal\",\"volume\":\"123 6\",\"pages\":\"\"},\"PeriodicalIF\":5.7000,\"publicationDate\":\"2025-09-25\",\"publicationTypes\":\"Journal Article\",\"fieldsOfStudy\":null,\"isOpenAccess\":false,\"openAccessPdf\":\"\",\"citationCount\":\"0\",\"resultStr\":null,\"platform\":\"Semanticscholar\",\"paperid\":null,\"PeriodicalName\":\"The Plant Journal\",\"FirstCategoryId\":\"2\",\"ListUrlMain\":\"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/tpj.70490\",\"RegionNum\":1,\"RegionCategory\":\"生物学\",\"ArticlePicture\":[],\"TitleCN\":null,\"AbstractTextCN\":null,\"PMCID\":null,\"EPubDate\":\"\",\"PubModel\":\"\",\"JCR\":\"Q1\",\"JCRName\":\"PLANT SCIENCES\",\"Score\":null,\"Total\":0}","platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"The Plant Journal","FirstCategoryId":"2","ListUrlMain":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/tpj.70490","RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"Q1","JCRName":"PLANT SCIENCES","Score":null,"Total":0}
Functional genetics of rice PISTILLATA genes reveals new roles and target genes in flowering time, female fertility, and parthenocarpy
Floral organ identity is controlled largely by the combinatorial action of MADS domain homeotic transcription factors. Lodicules are specialized plant organs in cereals and grasses that are involved in floret opening and facilitate pollination and fertility in rice (Oryza sativa L.). To understand the mechanisms underlying the specification of the rice lodicule, we investigated the developmental functions of the rice PISTILLATA (PI) paralogs, OsMADS2, and OsMADS4. Null osmads2 mutants reiterated OsMADS2 nonredundant lodicule specification roles and revealed new roles in flowering time and floral organ number and fate. Doubly perturbed osmads2 osmads4kd florets had severe abnormalities, were female infertile, yet could initiate parthenocarpy. Ubiquitous OsMADS4 overexpression rescued osmads2 abnormalities. We also utilized genome-wide binding analyses and transcriptome profiling to identify putative target genes contributing to OsMADS2 functions. In osmads2d8/d8 null mutant, we observed deregulated genes in a plethora of processes including lodicule and stamen development, floral organ number, and cell wall development. Some examples are cell division regulators (Cyclin D6, Cyclin-P4-1-like), an aquaporin (PIP1A), a peptide transporter, a vascular developmental regulator (HOX1), and a cell wall modulator (GH9B16). The deregulation of these genes may be associated with the disrupted cell division, tissue differentiation, and physiology of the malformed lodicules in osmads2 and osmads2 osmads4kd florets. Altogether, we reveal novel roles for the rice PI paralogs in flowering time, panicle exsertion, and embryo sac differentiation, identify gene targets for lodicule development, and provide mechanistic insights on the functional diversification of rice PI paralogs.
期刊介绍:
Publishing the best original research papers in all key areas of modern plant biology from the world"s leading laboratories, The Plant Journal provides a dynamic forum for this ever growing international research community.
Plant science research is now at the forefront of research in the biological sciences, with breakthroughs in our understanding of fundamental processes in plants matching those in other organisms. The impact of molecular genetics and the availability of model and crop species can be seen in all aspects of plant biology. For publication in The Plant Journal the research must provide a highly significant new contribution to our understanding of plants and be of general interest to the plant science community.