原发性头痛疾病患者既往COVID-19和EBV感染模式：一项人群研究

IF 2.7 3区心理学 Q2 BEHAVIORAL SCIENCES

Brain and Behavior Pub Date : 2025-09-25 DOI:10.1002/brb3.70858

Keshet Pardo, Maor Mermelstein, Shlomit Yust-Kats

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引用次数: 0

摘要

众所周知，病毒性疾病会引发慢性头痛。在2019冠状病毒病（COVID-19）大流行之后，许多患者报告了长期头痛。然而，对原发性头痛疾病发病率的影响仍不清楚。本研究的目的是评估新诊断的原发性头痛疾病患者是否有较高的既往COVID-19和eb病毒（EBV）感染率，以进一步探讨病毒感染对原发性头痛疾病的影响。方法使用Clalit Health Services数据库的数据进行病例对照研究，比较2020年6月至2023年6月期间新诊断的原发性头痛疾病患者与非头痛对照组的既往COVID-19和EBV感染率。结果：我们的队列包括39,693例原发性头痛患者：30,956例偏头痛，7984例紧张性头痛（TTH）， 753例丛集性头痛（CH）。对照组包括69272人。EBV感染与偏头痛（OR 1.13, 95% CI 1.09-1.17）和TTH （OR 1.11, 95% CI 1.03-1.20）相关。然而，在多变量分析中，只有与偏头痛的关联仍然显著。COVID-19感染与偏头痛相关（OR 1.04, 95% CI 1.01-1.07），但在校正合共病后失去了显著性。在单变量分析中，COVID-19与TTH之间的相关性不显著（OR 1.05, 95% CI 1.00-1.12）。然而，在分层分析中，COVID-19与焦虑或抑郁患者的TTH显著相关。与对照组相比，CH组无显著差异。结论不同病毒感染对原发性头痛疾病的影响不同：EBV感染主要与偏头痛相关，而COVID-19主要与TTH相关。这些发现强调了这些疾病背后独特的病理生理机制，并提示免疫系统在其发展中的不同参与。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

Patterns of Past COVID-19 and EBV Infection in Primary Headache Disorders: A Population Study

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Patterns of Past COVID-19 and EBV Infection in Primary Headache Disorders: A Population Study

Introduction

Viral illnesses are known to trigger chronic headaches. Following the COVID-19 (coronavirus disease 2019) pandemic, many patients reported prolonged headaches. However, the impact on the incidence of primary headache disorders remains unclear. The aim of our study was to evaluate whether patients with newly diagnosed primary headache disorders had higher rates of prior COVID-19 and Epstein–Barr virus (EBV) infections, to further explore the impact of viral infections on primary headache disorders.

Methods

A case-control study using data from the Clalit Health Services database comparing patients with newly diagnosed primary headache disorders, between June 2020 and June 2023, to non-headache controls, with regard to rates of prior COVID-19 and EBV infection.

Results

Our cohort comprised 39,693 patients with primary headaches: 30,956 with migraine, 7984 with tension-type headache (TTH), and 753 with cluster headache (CH). The control group included 69,272 individuals. EBV infection was associated with both migraine (OR 1.13, 95% CI 1.09–1.17) and TTH (OR 1.11, 95% CI 1.03–1.20). However, in a multivariable analysis, only the association with migraine remained significant. COVID-19 infection was associated with migraine (OR 1.04, 95% CI 1.01–1.07), but lost significance when adjusted for comorbidities. The association between COVID-19 and TTH was nonsignificant in a univariable analysis (OR 1.05, 95% CI 1.00–1.12). However, in a stratified analysis, COVID-19 was significantly associated with TTH among patients with anxiety or depression. The CH group showed no significant differences compared to controls.

Conclusion

Different viral infections have varying effects on primary headache disorders: EBV infection is primarily associated with migraine, while COVID-19 is primarily associated with TTH. These findings underscore the distinct pathophysiological mechanisms underlying these disorders and suggest a differential involvement of the immune system in their development.

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来源期刊

Brain and Behavior BEHAVIORAL SCIENCES-NEUROSCIENCES

CiteScore

5.30

自引率

0.00%

发文量

352

审稿时长

14 weeks

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