Indole-3-carbinol and Different Classes of Polyphenols in the Regulation of the Activity of the Nrf2/Keap1/ARE Signaling System

Nutriome is a set of alimentary factors for maintaining the body’s adaptive potential. Of particular importance for adaptation processes is the Nrf2/Keap1/ARE signaling system, the key regulatory factor of which is the transcription factor Nrf2. The enzymes that are markers of Nrf2 activation include NAD(P)H-quinone oxidoreductase and microsomal heme oxygenase-1. The aim of the study was to study the effect of minor dietary BAS of polyphenolic nature and indole-3-carbinol on the activity and expression of genes and proteins of Nrf2-regulated enzymes in the liver of rats when they were administered separately and in combination on the body of healthy intact animals. The effects of separate and combined intake of BAS into the body were studied in intact animals, including the following compounds separately and in combination in the diet of male Wistar rats for 14 days: rutin and hesperidin at a dose of 400 mg/kg body weight (b.w.); quercetin and resveratrol at 100 mg/kg b.w.; curcumin and quercetin at 200 mg/kg b.w.; indole-3-carbinol and epigallocatechin gallate at a dose of 50 mg/kg b.w. and 200 mg/kg b.w., respectively. The obtained data indicate that indole-3-carbinol and polyphenols of various classes have a significant effect on the activity and expression of proteins and genes of antioxidant defense enzymes: heme oxygenase-1 and NAD(P)H-quinone oxidoreductase, through the Nrf2/Keap1/ARE signaling mechanism, and at the posttranscriptional level, stimulating the adaptive potential of the body. The combined action of BAS in food can significantly modulate their individual effects.