水库泥沙分布格局及其生态影响综述

IF 8.1 2区 环境科学与生态学 Q1 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES
Haoyang Ding, Ziqian Li, Wenqing Shi
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引用次数: 0

摘要

河流是泥沙从陆地向海洋输送的主要途径,每年向近岸地区输送大量泥沙。然而,近几十年来,全球许多河流因水资源管理而被水坝拦阻,形成了独特的分布格局,并造成了生态影响,这一问题得到了广泛的研究。本文利用CiteSpace软件对水库泥沙分布及其生态影响的研究进行综述,总结现有研究进展,并对今后的研究提出建议。我们发现(1)这一主题受到持续关注,每年的出版物数量都在增加。2005年至2025年间,共有6093份出版物。(ii)在纵向上,在梯级水库系统中,第一个水库或长期作为第一个水库的水库通常显示出最高的沉积物堆积,下游的粒度逐渐减小。在单个水库内,泥沙体积和粒径一般从水库尾部到坝体呈下降趋势。(3)垂直方向上,库底附近含沙量较高。较粗的颗粒很快沉降并在底部积聚,而较细的颗粒则在上层悬浮较长时间。(四)泥沙分布影响河流生态系统的生物地球化学循环,造成水体营养状况变化、温室气体排放和重金属毒性等一系列生态影响。综述了水库泥沙分布及其生态影响的研究进展,指出今后的研究重点应放在泥沙颗粒的生化特征和水库泥沙运移的三维模拟上。这些研究将有助于全面了解水坝河流的沉积物分布、生态影响和潜在的缓解措施。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
A Mini-Review of Sediment Distribution Pattern and Its Ecological Impacts in Reservoirs

Purpose of Review

Rivers serve as primary pathways for sediment transport from land to ocean, transporting large amounts of sediment annually to nearshore areas. However, in recent decades, many global rivers have been obstructed by dams for water resource management, forming unique distribution pattern and causing ecological impacts, which have been extensively studied. This review utilizes CiteSpace to investigate studies on reservoir sediment distribution and its ecological impacts, summarizing existing research progress and proposing suggestions for future studies.

Recent Findings

We found that (i) this topic has received sustained attention, with an increasing number of publications annually. Between 2005 and 2025, there is a total of 6093 publications. (ii) Longitudinally, in a cascade reservoir system, the first reservoir, or one that has long functioned as the first, usually shows the highest sediment accumulation, with grain size gradually decreasing downstream. Within an individual reservoir, both sediment volume and particle size generally decline from the reservoir tail to the dam. (iii) Vertically, sediment concentration is higher near the reservoir bottom. Coarser particles settle quickly and accumulate at the bottom, while finer particles remain suspended in the upper layers for extended periods. (iv) Sediment distribution influences biogeochemical cycling in river ecosystems, resulting in a series of ecological impacts such as changes in nutrient regime in the water, greenhouse gas emissions, and heavy metal toxicity.

Summary

This review summarizes the progress related to reservoir sediment distribution and their ecological impacts, suggesting future research should focus on the biochemical characteristics of sediment particles and three-dimensional simulation of sediment transport in reservoirs. These studies will contribute to a comprehensive understanding of sediment distribution, ecological impacts, and potential mitigation measures in dammed rivers.

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来源期刊
Current Pollution Reports
Current Pollution Reports Environmental Science-Water Science and Technology
CiteScore
12.10
自引率
1.40%
发文量
31
期刊介绍: Current Pollution Reports provides in-depth review articles contributed by international experts on the most significant developments in the field of environmental pollution.By presenting clear, insightful, balanced reviews that emphasize recently published papers of major importance, the journal elucidates current and emerging approaches to identification, characterization, treatment, management of pollutants and much more.
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