Upregulation of miR-1266-5p serves as a prognostic biomarker of triple-negative breast cancer and facilitates tumor cell proliferation, migration and invasion.

Background: Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) is an aggressive subtype characterized by a poor prognosis. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) play a crucial regulatory role in tumorigenesis, but the specific function and mechanism of miR-1266-5p in TNBC remain unclear.

Methods: This study included 118 TNBC patients, from whom both tumor and adjacent normal tissues were collected. The expression of miR-1266-5p was determined, and its association with clinicopathological features and patient prognosis was evaluated. Functional experiments were conducted using TNBC cell lines (MDA-MB-231, MDA-MB-468), assessing the impact of miR-1266-5p on cellular processes. Bioinformatics tools and dual-luciferase reporter assays were employed to identify and validate the target gene of miR-1266-5p.

Results: miR-1266-5p was upregulated in TNBC tissues and cells (p < 0.05), and its high expression was associated with lymph node metastasis, higher histological grade, and advanced TNM stage. Kaplan-Meier analysis revealed that patients with high miR-1266-5p expression had shorter overall survival, and it was an independent prognostic factor. Functional experiments demonstrated that overexpression of miR-1266-5p significantly promoted TNBC cell proliferation, migration, and invasion (p < 0.05), while knockdown suppressed these phenotypes. Bioinformatics analysis and dual-luciferase assays identified MKRN1 as a direct target of miR-1266-5p.

Conclusion: miR-1266-5p promotes tumor progression in TNBC by targeting MKRN1. Its high expression correlates with poor patient outcomes, suggesting that it may serve as a promising biomarker for prognosis and a potential therapeutic target in TNBC.