Hong Fan , Yina Shao , Xuelei Wang , Kaiyu Chen , Si Zhu , Chenghua Li
{"title":"饲料中添加二十二碳六烯酸对刺参生长、免疫应答及对脾弧菌抗性的影响","authors":"Hong Fan , Yina Shao , Xuelei Wang , Kaiyu Chen , Si Zhu , Chenghua Li","doi":"10.1016/j.fsi.2025.110894","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Dietary docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) is essential for optimal growth and health in various aquatic animals; however, its effects on the sea cucumber <em>Apostichopus japonicus</em> remain unclear. This study investigated the impacts of dietary DHA on growth performance, innate immunity, and disease resistance of <em>A. japonicus</em>. Sea cucumbers were fed diets containing 0.3 % (control diet), 0.6 %, and 1.2 % DHA for 60 days. Following the feeding trial, <em>A. japonicus</em> were challenged with <em>Vibrio splendidus</em> to evaluate disease resistance. Growth performance significantly improved in individuals fed 0.6 % and 1.2 % DHA. Tissue contents of DHA and eicosapentaenoic acid in the body wall of <em>A. japonicus</em> significantly elevated with the increasing levels of DHA in the diets. Moderate DHA supplementation enhanced the activities of immune and antioxidant enzymes. Survival rates were also higher in the 0.6 % and 1.2 % DHA groups following <em>V. splendidus</em> challenge. <em>In vitro</em> experiments further explored the mechanism underlying DHA-mediated protection against <em>V. splendidus</em> infection. Coelomocytes pretreated with DHA exhibited significantly enhanced phagocytic activity against <em>V. splendidus</em>, accompanied by marked upregulation of phagocytosis-related genes at both mRNA and protein levels. Moreover, DHA promoted the intracellular clearance of endocytosed <em>V. splendidus</em> primarily via lysosome-dependent degradation pathway. Collectively, these findings demonstrated that moderate DHA supplementation (0.6 %–1.2 %) enhances innate immunity and confers protection against <em>V. splendidus</em> infection in <em>A. japonicus</em>, in part by promoting phagocytosis and subsequent lysosomal elimination of pathogen in coelomocytes.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":12127,"journal":{"name":"Fish & shellfish immunology","volume":"167 ","pages":"Article 110894"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9000,"publicationDate":"2025-09-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":"0","resultStr":"{\"title\":\"Effects of dietary docosahexaenoic acid on the growth, immune responses and resistance of sea cucumber Apostichopus japonicus against Vibrio splendidus infection\",\"authors\":\"Hong Fan , Yina Shao , Xuelei Wang , Kaiyu Chen , Si Zhu , Chenghua Li\",\"doi\":\"10.1016/j.fsi.2025.110894\",\"DOIUrl\":null,\"url\":null,\"abstract\":\"<div><div>Dietary docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) is essential for optimal growth and health in various aquatic animals; however, its effects on the sea cucumber <em>Apostichopus japonicus</em> remain unclear. This study investigated the impacts of dietary DHA on growth performance, innate immunity, and disease resistance of <em>A. japonicus</em>. Sea cucumbers were fed diets containing 0.3 % (control diet), 0.6 %, and 1.2 % DHA for 60 days. Following the feeding trial, <em>A. japonicus</em> were challenged with <em>Vibrio splendidus</em> to evaluate disease resistance. Growth performance significantly improved in individuals fed 0.6 % and 1.2 % DHA. Tissue contents of DHA and eicosapentaenoic acid in the body wall of <em>A. japonicus</em> significantly elevated with the increasing levels of DHA in the diets. Moderate DHA supplementation enhanced the activities of immune and antioxidant enzymes. Survival rates were also higher in the 0.6 % and 1.2 % DHA groups following <em>V. splendidus</em> challenge. <em>In vitro</em> experiments further explored the mechanism underlying DHA-mediated protection against <em>V. splendidus</em> infection. Coelomocytes pretreated with DHA exhibited significantly enhanced phagocytic activity against <em>V. splendidus</em>, accompanied by marked upregulation of phagocytosis-related genes at both mRNA and protein levels. Moreover, DHA promoted the intracellular clearance of endocytosed <em>V. splendidus</em> primarily via lysosome-dependent degradation pathway. Collectively, these findings demonstrated that moderate DHA supplementation (0.6 %–1.2 %) enhances innate immunity and confers protection against <em>V. splendidus</em> infection in <em>A. japonicus</em>, in part by promoting phagocytosis and subsequent lysosomal elimination of pathogen in coelomocytes.</div></div>\",\"PeriodicalId\":12127,\"journal\":{\"name\":\"Fish & shellfish immunology\",\"volume\":\"167 \",\"pages\":\"Article 110894\"},\"PeriodicalIF\":3.9000,\"publicationDate\":\"2025-09-22\",\"publicationTypes\":\"Journal Article\",\"fieldsOfStudy\":null,\"isOpenAccess\":false,\"openAccessPdf\":\"\",\"citationCount\":\"0\",\"resultStr\":null,\"platform\":\"Semanticscholar\",\"paperid\":null,\"PeriodicalName\":\"Fish & shellfish immunology\",\"FirstCategoryId\":\"97\",\"ListUrlMain\":\"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1050464825007831\",\"RegionNum\":2,\"RegionCategory\":\"农林科学\",\"ArticlePicture\":[],\"TitleCN\":null,\"AbstractTextCN\":null,\"PMCID\":null,\"EPubDate\":\"\",\"PubModel\":\"\",\"JCR\":\"Q1\",\"JCRName\":\"FISHERIES\",\"Score\":null,\"Total\":0}","platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Fish & shellfish immunology","FirstCategoryId":"97","ListUrlMain":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1050464825007831","RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"Q1","JCRName":"FISHERIES","Score":null,"Total":0}
Effects of dietary docosahexaenoic acid on the growth, immune responses and resistance of sea cucumber Apostichopus japonicus against Vibrio splendidus infection
Dietary docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) is essential for optimal growth and health in various aquatic animals; however, its effects on the sea cucumber Apostichopus japonicus remain unclear. This study investigated the impacts of dietary DHA on growth performance, innate immunity, and disease resistance of A. japonicus. Sea cucumbers were fed diets containing 0.3 % (control diet), 0.6 %, and 1.2 % DHA for 60 days. Following the feeding trial, A. japonicus were challenged with Vibrio splendidus to evaluate disease resistance. Growth performance significantly improved in individuals fed 0.6 % and 1.2 % DHA. Tissue contents of DHA and eicosapentaenoic acid in the body wall of A. japonicus significantly elevated with the increasing levels of DHA in the diets. Moderate DHA supplementation enhanced the activities of immune and antioxidant enzymes. Survival rates were also higher in the 0.6 % and 1.2 % DHA groups following V. splendidus challenge. In vitro experiments further explored the mechanism underlying DHA-mediated protection against V. splendidus infection. Coelomocytes pretreated with DHA exhibited significantly enhanced phagocytic activity against V. splendidus, accompanied by marked upregulation of phagocytosis-related genes at both mRNA and protein levels. Moreover, DHA promoted the intracellular clearance of endocytosed V. splendidus primarily via lysosome-dependent degradation pathway. Collectively, these findings demonstrated that moderate DHA supplementation (0.6 %–1.2 %) enhances innate immunity and confers protection against V. splendidus infection in A. japonicus, in part by promoting phagocytosis and subsequent lysosomal elimination of pathogen in coelomocytes.
期刊介绍:
Fish and Shellfish Immunology rapidly publishes high-quality, peer-refereed contributions in the expanding fields of fish and shellfish immunology. It presents studies on the basic mechanisms of both the specific and non-specific defense systems, the cells, tissues, and humoral factors involved, their dependence on environmental and intrinsic factors, response to pathogens, response to vaccination, and applied studies on the development of specific vaccines for use in the aquaculture industry.