{"title":"利用电离辐射快速体外灭活多种SARS-CoV-2菌株:新的灭活模式和机制见解","authors":"Wei Wang, Xiaodi Zhang, Jiageng Yu, Tianhao Weng, Zhiyang Yu, Zhigang Wu, Danrong Shi, Sufen Zhang, Xiangyun Lu, Osama Alam, Dahang Shen, Qian Bao, Qingfu Ye, Lanjuan Li, Hangping Yao","doi":"10.1016/j.eng.2025.09.009","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"Ionizing radiation presents an important solution for virus inactivation. However, its efficacy for severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) inactivation and the underlying mechanisms remain unclear. This study demonstrates radiosensitivity and radiation-induced biological changes in SARS-CoV-2 using 20 wild-type and mutant strains. The results show that 1.2 kGy of electron beam (E-beam) or 0.9 kGy of X-ray irradiation can eliminate 99.99% of SARS-CoV-2 particles. The Delta and various Omicron variants exhibit heightened sensitivity to radiation compared to the wild-type, showing nearly 99.99% inactivation efficiency at 1.0 and 0.8 kGy. The relationship between irradiation dose and the logarithmic reduction in virus load adheres to a dose–response model, characterized by extremely narrow windows. Spike (S) protein disruption, rather than the commonly accepted nucleic acid cleavage, is identified as the primary inactivation mechanism (triggering a conformation transition of S protein from pre-fusion to post-fusion with minimal impact on nucleic acid integrity). This study introduces the concept of targeting critical proteins in coronavirus inactivation, offering valuable insight for infectious coronavirus disease control and vaccine development.","PeriodicalId":11783,"journal":{"name":"Engineering","volume":"13 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":11.6000,"publicationDate":"2025-09-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":"0","resultStr":"{\"title\":\"Rapid In-Vitro Inactivation of Various SARS-CoV-2 Strains Using Ionizing Radiation: New Inactivation Patterns And Mechanistic Insights\",\"authors\":\"Wei Wang, Xiaodi Zhang, Jiageng Yu, Tianhao Weng, Zhiyang Yu, Zhigang Wu, Danrong Shi, Sufen Zhang, Xiangyun Lu, Osama Alam, Dahang Shen, Qian Bao, Qingfu Ye, Lanjuan Li, Hangping Yao\",\"doi\":\"10.1016/j.eng.2025.09.009\",\"DOIUrl\":null,\"url\":null,\"abstract\":\"Ionizing radiation presents an important solution for virus inactivation. However, its efficacy for severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) inactivation and the underlying mechanisms remain unclear. This study demonstrates radiosensitivity and radiation-induced biological changes in SARS-CoV-2 using 20 wild-type and mutant strains. The results show that 1.2 kGy of electron beam (E-beam) or 0.9 kGy of X-ray irradiation can eliminate 99.99% of SARS-CoV-2 particles. The Delta and various Omicron variants exhibit heightened sensitivity to radiation compared to the wild-type, showing nearly 99.99% inactivation efficiency at 1.0 and 0.8 kGy. The relationship between irradiation dose and the logarithmic reduction in virus load adheres to a dose–response model, characterized by extremely narrow windows. Spike (S) protein disruption, rather than the commonly accepted nucleic acid cleavage, is identified as the primary inactivation mechanism (triggering a conformation transition of S protein from pre-fusion to post-fusion with minimal impact on nucleic acid integrity). This study introduces the concept of targeting critical proteins in coronavirus inactivation, offering valuable insight for infectious coronavirus disease control and vaccine development.\",\"PeriodicalId\":11783,\"journal\":{\"name\":\"Engineering\",\"volume\":\"13 1\",\"pages\":\"\"},\"PeriodicalIF\":11.6000,\"publicationDate\":\"2025-09-24\",\"publicationTypes\":\"Journal Article\",\"fieldsOfStudy\":null,\"isOpenAccess\":false,\"openAccessPdf\":\"\",\"citationCount\":\"0\",\"resultStr\":null,\"platform\":\"Semanticscholar\",\"paperid\":null,\"PeriodicalName\":\"Engineering\",\"FirstCategoryId\":\"5\",\"ListUrlMain\":\"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.eng.2025.09.009\",\"RegionNum\":1,\"RegionCategory\":\"工程技术\",\"ArticlePicture\":[],\"TitleCN\":null,\"AbstractTextCN\":null,\"PMCID\":null,\"EPubDate\":\"\",\"PubModel\":\"\",\"JCR\":\"Q1\",\"JCRName\":\"ENGINEERING, MULTIDISCIPLINARY\",\"Score\":null,\"Total\":0}","platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Engineering","FirstCategoryId":"5","ListUrlMain":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.eng.2025.09.009","RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"Q1","JCRName":"ENGINEERING, MULTIDISCIPLINARY","Score":null,"Total":0}
Rapid In-Vitro Inactivation of Various SARS-CoV-2 Strains Using Ionizing Radiation: New Inactivation Patterns And Mechanistic Insights
Ionizing radiation presents an important solution for virus inactivation. However, its efficacy for severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) inactivation and the underlying mechanisms remain unclear. This study demonstrates radiosensitivity and radiation-induced biological changes in SARS-CoV-2 using 20 wild-type and mutant strains. The results show that 1.2 kGy of electron beam (E-beam) or 0.9 kGy of X-ray irradiation can eliminate 99.99% of SARS-CoV-2 particles. The Delta and various Omicron variants exhibit heightened sensitivity to radiation compared to the wild-type, showing nearly 99.99% inactivation efficiency at 1.0 and 0.8 kGy. The relationship between irradiation dose and the logarithmic reduction in virus load adheres to a dose–response model, characterized by extremely narrow windows. Spike (S) protein disruption, rather than the commonly accepted nucleic acid cleavage, is identified as the primary inactivation mechanism (triggering a conformation transition of S protein from pre-fusion to post-fusion with minimal impact on nucleic acid integrity). This study introduces the concept of targeting critical proteins in coronavirus inactivation, offering valuable insight for infectious coronavirus disease control and vaccine development.
期刊介绍:
Engineering, an international open-access journal initiated by the Chinese Academy of Engineering (CAE) in 2015, serves as a distinguished platform for disseminating cutting-edge advancements in engineering R&D, sharing major research outputs, and highlighting key achievements worldwide. The journal's objectives encompass reporting progress in engineering science, fostering discussions on hot topics, addressing areas of interest, challenges, and prospects in engineering development, while considering human and environmental well-being and ethics in engineering. It aims to inspire breakthroughs and innovations with profound economic and social significance, propelling them to advanced international standards and transforming them into a new productive force. Ultimately, this endeavor seeks to bring about positive changes globally, benefit humanity, and shape a new future.