Are Sociodemographic Characteristics Associated with Course of High Risk for Psychosis Symptoms at 12-Month Follow-Up?

Background: Research on the Clinical High-Risk (CHR) paradigm for psychosis has significantly increased in recent decades. This approach aims to identify young individuals who experiences attenuated psychotic symptoms, as well as difficulties in social and occupational functioning to provide early intervention.

Purpose: This study aims to analyze the relationship of baseline sociodemographic characteristics to the course of psychopathology and functioning at a 12-month follow-up in a sample of Mexican individuals at CHR-P.

Patients and methods: We conducted a longitudinal study with 43 Mexicans at CHR-P assessed at baseline and 33 of them at a 12-month follow-up using the Comprehensive Assessment of At-Risk Mental State and the Global Functioning Social and Role Scales. Sociodemographic information, including age, sex, marital status, occupation, education, household type, and socioeconomic status, was collected through a semi-structured interview.

Results: Findings showed significant changes in psychopathology at 12-month follow-up. Participants who reported not studying or working at baseline showed a reduction in attenuated positive symptoms and general psychopathology. Similarly, attenuated positive symptoms improved in those living with friends or roommates at baseline. Individuals with a medium socioeconomic status at baseline also experienced a decrease in general symptoms. No significant changes were observed in negative symptoms or social and role functioning at the 12-month follow-up assessment.

Conclusion: It is important to address the needs of individuals at CHR-P in both schools and workplaces. This includes reducing stress and improving access to mental health care. Promoting social skills and fostering peer relationships can help build supportive networks beyond the family.