Lokeswaran Ravi, Prince Wesley Vanaraj, S. Shashi Kumar, Ravikirana
{"title":"T6处理对搅拌摩擦增强铝fenimn HEA颗粒AA6061复合材料的影响","authors":"Lokeswaran Ravi, Prince Wesley Vanaraj, S. Shashi Kumar, Ravikirana","doi":"10.1007/s12540-025-01935-6","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>This study investigates the fabrication of an AA6061 metal matrix composite reinforced with dual-phase AlCoFeNiMn high-entropy alloy (HEA) particles using friction stir processing (FSP). HEA particles, prepared via high-energy ball milling to an average size of 10 μm, served as effective strengthening agents within the aluminum matrix. Post-fabrication, the FSP-Al6061 composite (FSP-AMC) underwent T6 heat treatment to re-precipitate the β′′ phase dissolved during FSP. The heat-treated FSP-AMC exhibited refined, equiaxed grains in the stir zone (SZ) with an average grain size of 4 μm and a surface hardness of 115 HV, higher than the as-received AA6061. Tensile testing showed that the FSP-AMC with T6 treatment reached a tensile strength of 315 MPa with an elongation of 12%, retaining the strength of the as received AA6061 while slightly reducing ductility. Additionally, wear testing demonstrated enhanced resistance compared to the as-received AA6061, achieving a wear rate of 1.04 × 10⁻³ mm³/Nm. The enhanced interfacial bonding between the HEA particles and the matrix after heat treatment contributed to the composite’s increased mechanical and wear performance. These findings underscore the potential of HEA particles as reinforcement in AA6061 alloys for automotive and aerospace applications, where improved strength and wear resistance are crucial.</p><h3>Graphical Abstract</h3><div><figure><div><div><picture><source><img></source></picture></div></div></figure></div></div>","PeriodicalId":703,"journal":{"name":"Metals and Materials International","volume":"31 10","pages":"3088 - 3106"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0000,"publicationDate":"2025-03-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":"0","resultStr":"{\"title\":\"Effect of T6 Treatment on AA6061 Composite Reinforced with AlCoFeNiMn HEA Particles via Friction Stir Processing\",\"authors\":\"Lokeswaran Ravi, Prince Wesley Vanaraj, S. Shashi Kumar, Ravikirana\",\"doi\":\"10.1007/s12540-025-01935-6\",\"DOIUrl\":null,\"url\":null,\"abstract\":\"<div><p>This study investigates the fabrication of an AA6061 metal matrix composite reinforced with dual-phase AlCoFeNiMn high-entropy alloy (HEA) particles using friction stir processing (FSP). HEA particles, prepared via high-energy ball milling to an average size of 10 μm, served as effective strengthening agents within the aluminum matrix. Post-fabrication, the FSP-Al6061 composite (FSP-AMC) underwent T6 heat treatment to re-precipitate the β′′ phase dissolved during FSP. The heat-treated FSP-AMC exhibited refined, equiaxed grains in the stir zone (SZ) with an average grain size of 4 μm and a surface hardness of 115 HV, higher than the as-received AA6061. Tensile testing showed that the FSP-AMC with T6 treatment reached a tensile strength of 315 MPa with an elongation of 12%, retaining the strength of the as received AA6061 while slightly reducing ductility. Additionally, wear testing demonstrated enhanced resistance compared to the as-received AA6061, achieving a wear rate of 1.04 × 10⁻³ mm³/Nm. The enhanced interfacial bonding between the HEA particles and the matrix after heat treatment contributed to the composite’s increased mechanical and wear performance. These findings underscore the potential of HEA particles as reinforcement in AA6061 alloys for automotive and aerospace applications, where improved strength and wear resistance are crucial.</p><h3>Graphical Abstract</h3><div><figure><div><div><picture><source><img></source></picture></div></div></figure></div></div>\",\"PeriodicalId\":703,\"journal\":{\"name\":\"Metals and Materials International\",\"volume\":\"31 10\",\"pages\":\"3088 - 3106\"},\"PeriodicalIF\":4.0000,\"publicationDate\":\"2025-03-17\",\"publicationTypes\":\"Journal Article\",\"fieldsOfStudy\":null,\"isOpenAccess\":false,\"openAccessPdf\":\"\",\"citationCount\":\"0\",\"resultStr\":null,\"platform\":\"Semanticscholar\",\"paperid\":null,\"PeriodicalName\":\"Metals and Materials International\",\"FirstCategoryId\":\"88\",\"ListUrlMain\":\"https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s12540-025-01935-6\",\"RegionNum\":3,\"RegionCategory\":\"材料科学\",\"ArticlePicture\":[],\"TitleCN\":null,\"AbstractTextCN\":null,\"PMCID\":null,\"EPubDate\":\"\",\"PubModel\":\"\",\"JCR\":\"Q2\",\"JCRName\":\"MATERIALS SCIENCE, MULTIDISCIPLINARY\",\"Score\":null,\"Total\":0}","platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Metals and Materials International","FirstCategoryId":"88","ListUrlMain":"https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s12540-025-01935-6","RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"Q2","JCRName":"MATERIALS SCIENCE, MULTIDISCIPLINARY","Score":null,"Total":0}
Effect of T6 Treatment on AA6061 Composite Reinforced with AlCoFeNiMn HEA Particles via Friction Stir Processing
This study investigates the fabrication of an AA6061 metal matrix composite reinforced with dual-phase AlCoFeNiMn high-entropy alloy (HEA) particles using friction stir processing (FSP). HEA particles, prepared via high-energy ball milling to an average size of 10 μm, served as effective strengthening agents within the aluminum matrix. Post-fabrication, the FSP-Al6061 composite (FSP-AMC) underwent T6 heat treatment to re-precipitate the β′′ phase dissolved during FSP. The heat-treated FSP-AMC exhibited refined, equiaxed grains in the stir zone (SZ) with an average grain size of 4 μm and a surface hardness of 115 HV, higher than the as-received AA6061. Tensile testing showed that the FSP-AMC with T6 treatment reached a tensile strength of 315 MPa with an elongation of 12%, retaining the strength of the as received AA6061 while slightly reducing ductility. Additionally, wear testing demonstrated enhanced resistance compared to the as-received AA6061, achieving a wear rate of 1.04 × 10⁻³ mm³/Nm. The enhanced interfacial bonding between the HEA particles and the matrix after heat treatment contributed to the composite’s increased mechanical and wear performance. These findings underscore the potential of HEA particles as reinforcement in AA6061 alloys for automotive and aerospace applications, where improved strength and wear resistance are crucial.
期刊介绍：
Metals and Materials International publishes original papers and occasional critical reviews on all aspects of research and technology in materials engineering: physical metallurgy, materials science, and processing of metals and other materials. Emphasis is placed on those aspects of the science of materials that are concerned with the relationships among the processing, structure and properties (mechanical, chemical, electrical, electrochemical, magnetic and optical) of materials. Aspects of processing include the melting, casting, and fabrication with the thermodynamics, kinetics and modeling.
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