Relationship between TYG mediated pregnancy diabetes history and SII in American women: a retrospective cohort study of NHANES 2011-2018.

Background: Gestational Diabetes Mellitus (GDM) is known to pose long-term health risks, but the biological mechanisms are not fully understood. The role of the Triglyceride-Glucose Index (TyG) in mediating these effects requires further exploration.

Method: This study investigated the mediation effect of the TyG index on the relationship between GDM history and the Systemic Inflammatory Index (SII) using retrospective data analysis. Mediation analysis quantified the contribution of the TyG index.

Result: Multivariate regression analysis confirmed that the TyG index mediated approximately 40% of the relationship between a history of GDM and elevated SII, highlighting a significant linkage (β = 0.23, 95% CI: 0.18 to 0.28, P < 0.0001 for TyG; β = 28.95, 95% CI: 22.88 to 35.02, P < 0.0001 for SII). The TyG index was found to mediate approximately 40% of the effect of GDM history on SII, illustrating a significant biological link. These findings highlight the role of metabolic health in influencing systemic inflammation levels associated with GDM.

Conclusion: The study emphasizes the importance of monitoring and managing metabolic and cardiovascular health in women with a history of GDM to mitigate long-term health risks. Future research should focus on prospective studies and the utilization of biomarkers to fully understand the impact of GDM and optimize intervention strategies.