Xiaoping Wang, Bowen Yang, Haoye Wang, Haixin Guo, Richard Lee Smith, Yaqiong Su, Xinhua Qi
{"title":"硫空位缺陷和Schottky异质结调控ZnIn2S4/Ti3C2Tx光催化剂上5-羟甲基糠醛的氧化反应","authors":"Xiaoping Wang, Bowen Yang, Haoye Wang, Haixin Guo, Richard Lee Smith, Yaqiong Su, Xinhua Qi","doi":"10.1002/cssc.202501504","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Conversion of biomass into chemical products with solar energy is an important avenue for technological sustainability. Constructing efficient Schottky heterojunctions with vacancy defects can be a productive approach for achieving photooxidation of 5-hydroxymethylfurfural (HMF). Herein, sulfur vacancy (Vs) defect-enriched ZnIn<sub>2</sub>S<sub>4</sub> is combined with Ti<sub>3</sub>C<sub>2</sub>T<sub>x</sub> MXene (Vs-ZIS/MX) containing Schottky heterojunctions via self-assembly to form photocatalysts for efficient oxidation of HMF to 2,5-diformylfuran (DFF) under air-ambient conditions. HMF conversion of 87.3% with 72.9% DFF selectivity is obtained by the Vs-ZIS/MX heterojunction photocatalyst under visible light (420 nm < λ <780 nm, 2 h). Density functional theory calculations reveal that the Schottky heterojunction and regulated S vacancies enhance the electronic coupling and lower HMF adsorption energy, establishing a directional electron transfer channel from Vs-ZIS to MXene and an enhanced built-in electric field. Extended X-ray absorption fine structure spectroscopy shows that a stable metal (Zn)O bond coordination is formed between Vs-ZIS and MXene, and the enrichment of local electrons at S vacancy defects sites and metal-O coordination makes it possible to extract the delocalized electrons from ZIS to MXene. This work demonstrates a method to modulate the electron cloud density and enhance transport with a built-in electric field on photogenerated carriers for catalytic conversion of organic alcohols.</p>","PeriodicalId":149,"journal":{"name":"ChemSusChem","volume":" ","pages":"e202501504"},"PeriodicalIF":6.6000,"publicationDate":"2025-09-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":"0","resultStr":"{\"title\":\"Oxidation of 5-Hydroxymethylfurfural over ZnIn<sub>2</sub>S<sub>4</sub>/Ti<sub>3</sub>C<sub>2</sub>T<sub>x</sub> Photocatalyst Modulated by Sulfur Vacancy Defects and Schottky Heterojunctions.\",\"authors\":\"Xiaoping Wang, Bowen Yang, Haoye Wang, Haixin Guo, Richard Lee Smith, Yaqiong Su, Xinhua Qi\",\"doi\":\"10.1002/cssc.202501504\",\"DOIUrl\":null,\"url\":null,\"abstract\":\"<p><p>Conversion of biomass into chemical products with solar energy is an important avenue for technological sustainability. Constructing efficient Schottky heterojunctions with vacancy defects can be a productive approach for achieving photooxidation of 5-hydroxymethylfurfural (HMF). Herein, sulfur vacancy (Vs) defect-enriched ZnIn<sub>2</sub>S<sub>4</sub> is combined with Ti<sub>3</sub>C<sub>2</sub>T<sub>x</sub> MXene (Vs-ZIS/MX) containing Schottky heterojunctions via self-assembly to form photocatalysts for efficient oxidation of HMF to 2,5-diformylfuran (DFF) under air-ambient conditions. HMF conversion of 87.3% with 72.9% DFF selectivity is obtained by the Vs-ZIS/MX heterojunction photocatalyst under visible light (420 nm < λ <780 nm, 2 h). Density functional theory calculations reveal that the Schottky heterojunction and regulated S vacancies enhance the electronic coupling and lower HMF adsorption energy, establishing a directional electron transfer channel from Vs-ZIS to MXene and an enhanced built-in electric field. Extended X-ray absorption fine structure spectroscopy shows that a stable metal (Zn)O bond coordination is formed between Vs-ZIS and MXene, and the enrichment of local electrons at S vacancy defects sites and metal-O coordination makes it possible to extract the delocalized electrons from ZIS to MXene. 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Oxidation of 5-Hydroxymethylfurfural over ZnIn2S4/Ti3C2Tx Photocatalyst Modulated by Sulfur Vacancy Defects and Schottky Heterojunctions.
Conversion of biomass into chemical products with solar energy is an important avenue for technological sustainability. Constructing efficient Schottky heterojunctions with vacancy defects can be a productive approach for achieving photooxidation of 5-hydroxymethylfurfural (HMF). Herein, sulfur vacancy (Vs) defect-enriched ZnIn2S4 is combined with Ti3C2Tx MXene (Vs-ZIS/MX) containing Schottky heterojunctions via self-assembly to form photocatalysts for efficient oxidation of HMF to 2,5-diformylfuran (DFF) under air-ambient conditions. HMF conversion of 87.3% with 72.9% DFF selectivity is obtained by the Vs-ZIS/MX heterojunction photocatalyst under visible light (420 nm < λ <780 nm, 2 h). Density functional theory calculations reveal that the Schottky heterojunction and regulated S vacancies enhance the electronic coupling and lower HMF adsorption energy, establishing a directional electron transfer channel from Vs-ZIS to MXene and an enhanced built-in electric field. Extended X-ray absorption fine structure spectroscopy shows that a stable metal (Zn)O bond coordination is formed between Vs-ZIS and MXene, and the enrichment of local electrons at S vacancy defects sites and metal-O coordination makes it possible to extract the delocalized electrons from ZIS to MXene. This work demonstrates a method to modulate the electron cloud density and enhance transport with a built-in electric field on photogenerated carriers for catalytic conversion of organic alcohols.
期刊介绍:
ChemSusChem
Impact Factor (2016): 7.226
Scope:
Interdisciplinary journal
Focuses on research at the interface of chemistry and sustainability
Features the best research on sustainability and energy
Areas Covered:
Chemistry
Materials Science
Chemical Engineering
Biotechnology