Acoustic Methods of Reagentless Medical Laboratory Diagnostics

Acoustic methods of nonreactive medical laboratory diagnostics were developed using the BIOM acoustic analyzer as a measuring device. The device contains two ultrasmall ultrasonic resonators (about 100 µL) in volume. The device’s microprocessor system controls two ultrathermostats and maintains temperatures in the resonators in the range 20–38°C with an accuracy of ± 0.005°C. The developed special software makes it possible to determine the acoustic characteristics (rate and absorption of ultrasound) in blood serum, whole blood, and plasma with a relative error of ±5 × 10^–4 in terms of speed of ultrasound and ±10^–2 in terms of ultrasound absorption. This made it possible to determine the total protein, protein fractions, parameters of the lipid spectrum, and apolipoproteins A1 and B, as well as the elastic properties of patients' erythrocytes in vitro.The article presents a flowchart of the acoustic analyzer, an algorithm for its functioning, describes acoustic methods for determining total protein, protein fractions, lipid spectrum, and apolipoproteins A1 and B in blood serum and the elasticity of erythrocytes in whole blood in vitro.