Sustainable nanoadsorbents from lignocellulosic waste: A green approach to wastewater treatment

In the face of escalating water pollution, the development of innovative and sustainable processes for wastewater treatment has become imperative to safeguard ecosystems. The current review explores the integration of nanotechnology with lignocellulosic materials to develop cost-effective, high-performance nanoadsorbents for wastewater treatment. The nanostructured cellulose and lignin exhibit enhanced porosity, surface area, and functionalization capabilities, enabling efficient removal of environmental pollutants, including heavy metals. The advancements in using nanocellulose/nanolignin for removing water pollutants and understanding the underlying mechanisms, as well as life cycle analysis, are discussed. These bio-based nanomaterials reduce environmental impact, improve resource efficiency, and support sustainable development goals (SDGs).