在中国中部地区，在青稻田里喂鸭可以减少杂草与青稻的竞争

IF 6.4 1区农林科学 Q1 AGRONOMY

Field Crops Research Pub Date : 2025-09-23 DOI:10.1016/j.fcr.2025.110147

Chanchan Du , Desheng Yang , Luanluan Hu , Jinjuan Zhu , Weibin Wang , Wenlong Zhao , Shaobing Peng , Shen Yuan , Jianliang Huang

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引用次数: 0

摘要

水稻生产中除草剂的过量使用导致了抗除草剂杂草和环境问题。稻鸭共栽培系统（RRD）提供了在保持生产力的同时减少化学投入的潜力，但其对杂草动态的影响仍未充分了解。目的评价再生稻和再生稻系统在不同除草剂和肥料投入下的水稻产量和杂草抑制情况。方法采用3个重复的随机完全区组设计，在华中地区进行为期2年（2020-2021）的田间试验。试验设5个处理：无除草剂加全肥（RR- h0ff）、全除草剂加全肥（RR- hfff）、无除草剂加全肥（RRD- h0ff）、14%除草剂加全肥（RRD- hrff）和14%除草剂加70%肥（RRD- hrfr）。结果与结论与RR- h0ff相比，将鸭子纳入RR （RRD-H0Ff、RRD-HrFf和RRD-HrFr）显著降低了杂草物种丰富度和生物量，并在2年内提高了主粮作物和副粮作物的水稻产量。然而，与完全除草剂处理的RR-HfFf相比，RRD-H0Ff导致杂草生物量增加了10倍，产量减少了20%。相比之下，RRD-HrFf只投入14%的除草剂，杂草密度和生物量分别减少了99.1%和94.4%，同时保持了与RR-HfFf相当的水稻产量。相对于RRD-H0Ff， RRD-HrFf也显著提高了水稻竞争力。RRD-HrFf和RRD-HrFr在抑制杂草和产量方面没有显著差异，表明将肥料投入减少到70%不会影响系统性能。研究结果表明，RRD与少量除草剂和减少肥料投入相结合，可以有效抑制杂草，维持水稻产量。这种综合方法为减少可持续再生稻生产中的化学依赖提供了一种有希望的战略。

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Feeding ducks in ratoon rice field reduces weed competition with ratoon rice in central China

Context

Excessive herbicide use in rice production has led to herbicide-resistant weeds and environmental concerns. The ratoon rice-duck co-culture system (RRD) offers potential for reducing chemical inputs while sustaining productivity, yet its impact on weed dynamics remains insufficiently understood.

Objective

To assess rice yield and weed suppression under varying herbicide and fertilizer inputs in ratoon rice (RR) and RRD systems.

Methods

A two-year field experiment (2020–2021) was conducted in central China using a randomized complete block design with three replicates. Five treatments were tested: RR without herbicide and full fertilizer (RR-H₀F_f), RR with full herbicide and fertilizer rates (RR-H_fF_f), RRD without herbicide and full fertilizer (RRD-H₀F_f), RRD with 14% herbicide and full fertilizer (RRD-H_rF_f), and RRD with 14% herbicide and 70% fertilizer (RRD-H_rF_r).

Results and conclusions

Compared with RR-H₀F_f, integrating ducks into RR (RRD-H₀F_f, RRD-H_rF_f, and RRD-H_rF_r) significantly reduced weed species richness and biomass, while enhancing rice yield in both main and ratoon crops over two years. However, compared with fully herbicide-treated RR-H_fF_f, RRD-H₀F_f resulted in a tenfold increase in weed biomass and a 20% yield reduction. In contrast, RRD-H_rF_f with only 14% herbicide input, reduced weed density and biomass by 99.1% and 94.4%, respectively, while maintaining rice yield comparable to RR-H_fF_f. RRD-H_rF_f also significantly improved rice competitiveness relative to RRD-H₀F_f. No significant differences were observed between RRD-H_rF_f and RRD-H_rF_r in terms of weed suppression and yield, indicating that reducing fertilizer input to 70% did not compromise system performance.

Significance

These findings showed that RRD, when combined with minimal herbicide and reduced fertilizer inputs, can effectively suppress weeds and sustain rice yields. This integrated approach offers a promising strategy for reducing chemical dependency in sustainable ratoon rice production.

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来源期刊

Field Crops Research 农林科学-农艺学

CiteScore

9.60

自引率

12.10%

发文量

307

审稿时长

46 days

期刊介绍： Field Crops Research is an international journal publishing scientific articles on: √ experimental and modelling research at field, farm and landscape levels on temperate and tropical crops and cropping systems, with a focus on crop ecology and physiology, agronomy, and plant genetics and breeding.