COVID-19感染儿童癫痫发作的患病率和危险因素：来自泰国的一项研究

Q3 Neuroscience

eNeurologicalSci Pub Date : 2025-09-01 DOI:10.1016/j.ensci.2025.100586

Natnicha Praphaphanthasak, Vitchayaporn Emarach Saengow

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引用次数: 0

摘要

covid -19是一种新兴疾病，主要表现为儿童呼吸道感染。最近的报告强调了神经系统的表现，包括癫痫发作。然而，缺乏关于泰国与COVID-19相关的儿童癫痫发作的患病率和危险因素的研究。方法本回顾性研究纳入1个月至15岁以临床癫痫发作为主要症状并伴有COVID-19感染的儿科患者。排除诊断为儿童多系统炎症综合征（MIS-C）的患者。该研究于2019年12月1日至2022年12月30日在Maharat Nakhon Ratchasima医院进行。记录人口统计数据。评估癫痫发作的发生率及相关危险因素。结果共纳入963例儿童患者，年龄从1个月到15岁不等。平均年龄6.8岁（±4.6 SD），男性居多（男性53.2%，女性46.8%）。其中40例出现临床发作，发作患病率为0.76。癫痫发作组年龄8个月~ 14岁，平均年龄3.67岁（±3.45 SD）。这个群体也表现出男性优势。值得注意的是，0.76%的患者年龄在5岁以下，并且大多数（95%）经历与Omicron变异相关的发热性癫痫发作。确定的癫痫发作危险因素包括年龄较小（小于5岁）和COVID-19感染的严重程度。一项为期2年的随访回顾显示良好的神经发育结果。结论小儿COVID-19患者癫痫发作的发生率因病毒变异而异，其中Omicron变异与发热性癫痫发作激增相关。发现年龄较小和COVID-19严重程度增加了癫痫发作的风险。

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Prevalence and risk factors of pediatric seizures in COVID-19 infection: A study from Thailand

Introduction

COVID-19 is an emerging disease primarily presenting with respiratory tract infections in children. Recent reports have highlighted neurological manifestations, including seizures. However, there is a lack of studies regarding the prevalence and risk factors for pediatric seizures associated with COVID-19 in Thailand.

Methods

This retrospective study involved pediatric patients aged 1 month to 15 years who had clinical seizures as a primary symptom alongside COVID-19 infection. Patients diagnosed with Multisystem Inflammatory Syndrome in Children (MIS-C) were excluded. The study was conducted at Maharat Nakhon Ratchasima Hospital from December 1, 2019, to December 30, 2022. Demographic data were recorded. The prevalence of seizures and associated risk factors were evaluated.

Results

A total of 963 pediatric patients were included in the study, with ages ranging from 1 month to 15 years. The mean age was 6.8 years (± 4.6 SD), with a male predominance (53.2 % male, 46.8 % female). Among these, 40 cases presented with clinical seizures, resulting in a seizure prevalence of 0.76. In the seizure group, ages ranged from 8 months to 14 years, with a mean age of 3.67 years (± 3.45 SD). This group also exhibited male predominance. Notably, 0.76 % of the patients were under the age of 5 years, and the majority (95 %) experienced febrile seizures associated with the Omicron variant. The identified risk factors for seizures included younger age (less than 5 years) and the severity of COVID-19 infection. A 2-year follow-up review indicated favorable neurodevelopmental outcomes.

Conclusion

The prevalence of seizures in pediatric patients with COVID-19 varied according to the viral variant, with the Omicron variant being associated with a surge in febrile seizures. Younger age and the severity of COVID-19 were found to increase the risk of seizure occurrence.

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来源期刊

eNeurologicalSci Neuroscience-Neurology

CiteScore

3.50

自引率

0.00%

发文量

审稿时长

62 days

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