结直肠癌的免疫微环境。

IF 66.8 1区 医学 Q1 ONCOLOGY
Kilian B Kennel,Florian R Greten
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引用次数: 0

摘要

结直肠癌(CRC)的进展取决于肿瘤细胞和肿瘤微环境(TME)的密切相互作用。尽管TME导致治疗反应差和免疫逃避,但TME内的免疫细胞可以在治疗上得到利用,如免疫检查点阻断(ICB)。不幸的是,只有一小部分结直肠癌患者受益于ICB治疗;那些免疫激活的、微卫星不稳定的结直肠癌患者有应答,而那些微卫星稳定的结直肠癌患者则没有应答。虽然具有挑战性,但调节CRC的TME将这些低免疫原性和免疫抑制的肿瘤转化为免疫激活的肿瘤具有巨大的治疗潜力。在这篇综述中,我们概述了在疾病的各个阶段的crc的TME免疫的细胞和分子成分,以及免疫抑制和免疫逃避的机制。我们进一步描述了CRC的全身和局部治疗如何影响肿瘤和全身免疫微环境,以及免疫如何作为治疗和预后的生物标志物。最后,我们强调了新的免疫治疗策略和方法,可以调节crc的TME,使其适应免疫治疗。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
The immune microenvironment of colorectal cancer.
Colorectal cancer (CRC) progression depends on the close interaction of tumour cells and the tumour microenvironment (TME). Although the TME contributes to poor therapy responses and immune evasion, immune cells within the TME can be therapeutically leveraged, as exemplified by immune checkpoint blockade (ICB). Unfortunately, only a small subset of patients with CRC benefit from ICB therapy; those with immune-activated, microsatellite unstable CRC respond, whereas the predominant group of patients with CRC, those with microsatellite-stable tumours, do not. Although challenging, modulating the TME of CRC to convert these lowly immunogenic and immunosuppressed tumours into immune-activated tumours holds tremendous therapeutic potential. In this Review we provide an overview of the cellular and molecular components of immunity in the TME of CRCs at various stages of disease as well as the mechanisms of immunosuppression and immune evasion. We further describe how systemic and local therapies for CRC impact the tumour and systemic immune microenvironments, and how immunity could serve as a therapeutic and prognostic biomarker. Lastly, we highlight novel immunotherapeutic strategies and approaches that modulate the TME of CRCs to make them amenable to immunotherapy.
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来源期刊
Nature Reviews Cancer
Nature Reviews Cancer 医学-肿瘤学
CiteScore
111.90
自引率
0.40%
发文量
97
审稿时长
6-12 weeks
期刊介绍: Nature Reviews Cancer, a part of the Nature Reviews portfolio of journals, aims to be the premier source of reviews and commentaries for the scientific communities it serves. The correct abbreviation for abstracting and indexing purposes is Nat. Rev. Cancer. The international standard serial numbers (ISSN) for Nature Reviews Cancer are 1474-175X (print) and 1474-1768 (online). Unlike other journals, Nature Reviews Cancer does not have an external editorial board. Instead, all editorial decisions are made by a team of full-time professional editors who are PhD-level scientists. The journal publishes Research Highlights, Comments, Reviews, and Perspectives relevant to cancer researchers, ensuring that the articles reach the widest possible audience due to their broad scope.
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