Associations between Physical Activity, Sedentary Time, and Locomotive Syndrome Differ by Age and Sex: A Cross-sectional Study.

Objectives: Physical activity is a relevant factor for the locomotive syndrome (LS); however, the association between intensity of physical activity and LS is unclear. This study aimed to investigate the associations among different intensities of physical activity (vigorous, moderate, and light), sedentary time, and LS.

Methods: A cross-sectional analysis of records from 2890 Japanese community residents (mean age: 57.5 years) was conducted. LS was assessed using the stand-up test, two-step test, and 25-question Geriatric Locomotive Function Scale. Physical activity and sedentary time were assessed by self-administered questionnaires. The associations among physical activity, sedentary time, and LS were examined by logistic regression analysis stratified by age (<65 years and ≥65 years) and sex.

Results: Vigorous physical activity in men aged ≥65 years, and moderate and vigorous physical activities in women aged <65 years were significantly associated with lower odds of LS. By contrast, no significant association was found between physical activity and LS in men <65 years and women ≥65 years of age. No association between light physical activity and the LS was found in either group. The association between sedentary time and LS was observed in women aged <65 years.

Conclusions: Physical activity and sedentary time were associated with the LS but in an age- and sex-dependent manner. This study highlights the importance of engaging individuals in high-intensity physical activity to prevent or address LS.