Optimising health outcomes in exacerbations of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.

The management of chronic conditions requires a careful approach to optimise patients' health outcomes. Exacerbations of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) can have debilitating physical effects on patients, negatively affecting their quality of life and causing or worsening psychological distress. Many risk factors that lead to COPD exacerbations are modifiable, and proactive management can prevent their recurrence. Informed by research and clinical guidelines, this article explains how to optimise patients' long-term health outcomes, enhance symptom management and reduce hospital readmissions. It also discusses the importance of a comprehensive nursing assessment, multidisciplinary team input, self-management strategies and patient education. The article uses a case study to explore the hospital-based management of a patient experiencing a COPD exacerbation.