Max Nghiem Lee, Michael Benjamin Fung, Goichi Hagiwara
{"title":"探索匹克球对改善一年级大学生情绪的影响——日本的一项试点研究。","authors":"Max Nghiem Lee, Michael Benjamin Fung, Goichi Hagiwara","doi":"10.3390/jfmk10030352","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Background</b>: Pickleball has gained global popularity as a socially engaging and accessible sport, but little is known about its short-term psychological effects on younger populations, particularly university students. This pilot study examines whether participation in a pickleball class during a university course produces immediate mood improvements among Japanese first-year students. <b>Methods</b>: A total of 106 sports science students (75 men and 31 women; <i>M</i> = 18.44, <i>SD</i> = 0.55) participated in a 100 min pickleball tournament. Mood states were measured pre- and post-activity using a Two-Dimensional Mood Scale (TDMS) to assess vitality, stability, pleasure, and arousal. A mixed-design ANOVA (time × gender) was used for analysis. <b>Results</b>: A significant main effect of time was found for vitality (<i>F</i>(1,103) = 4.97, <i>p</i> = 0.028, <i>η</i><sup>2</sup> = 0.046), indicating improved vitality after participation. Other mood indices showed positive but non-significant trends (pleasure: <i>p</i> = 0.127; arousal: <i>p</i> = 0.067; stability: <i>p</i> = 0.812). No significant main effects of gender or time × gender interactions were observed. Qualitative responses supported these findings, with 64% of participants describing the activity as \"fun\" or \"good\" and 24% referencing social themes such as \"cooperation\" and \"exchange\". <b>Conclusions</b>: Short-term participation in pickleball during a university class improved vitality and fostered social enjoyment among first-year students, with broadly similar benefits for men and women. As a pilot study, the findings highlight pickleball's potential as a low-barrier, socially interactive activity to support students' mental health in educational settings, although future studies with diverse samples and controlled designs are needed.</p>","PeriodicalId":16052,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Functional Morphology and Kinesiology","volume":"10 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.5000,"publicationDate":"2025-09-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12452660/pdf/","citationCount":"0","resultStr":"{\"title\":\"Exploring the Impact of Pickleball for Improving Mood in First-Year University Students-A Pilot Study in Japan.\",\"authors\":\"Max Nghiem Lee, Michael Benjamin Fung, Goichi Hagiwara\",\"doi\":\"10.3390/jfmk10030352\",\"DOIUrl\":null,\"url\":null,\"abstract\":\"<p><p><b>Background</b>: Pickleball has gained global popularity as a socially engaging and accessible sport, but little is known about its short-term psychological effects on younger populations, particularly university students. This pilot study examines whether participation in a pickleball class during a university course produces immediate mood improvements among Japanese first-year students. <b>Methods</b>: A total of 106 sports science students (75 men and 31 women; <i>M</i> = 18.44, <i>SD</i> = 0.55) participated in a 100 min pickleball tournament. Mood states were measured pre- and post-activity using a Two-Dimensional Mood Scale (TDMS) to assess vitality, stability, pleasure, and arousal. A mixed-design ANOVA (time × gender) was used for analysis. <b>Results</b>: A significant main effect of time was found for vitality (<i>F</i>(1,103) = 4.97, <i>p</i> = 0.028, <i>η</i><sup>2</sup> = 0.046), indicating improved vitality after participation. Other mood indices showed positive but non-significant trends (pleasure: <i>p</i> = 0.127; arousal: <i>p</i> = 0.067; stability: <i>p</i> = 0.812). No significant main effects of gender or time × gender interactions were observed. Qualitative responses supported these findings, with 64% of participants describing the activity as \\\"fun\\\" or \\\"good\\\" and 24% referencing social themes such as \\\"cooperation\\\" and \\\"exchange\\\". <b>Conclusions</b>: Short-term participation in pickleball during a university class improved vitality and fostered social enjoyment among first-year students, with broadly similar benefits for men and women. As a pilot study, the findings highlight pickleball's potential as a low-barrier, socially interactive activity to support students' mental health in educational settings, although future studies with diverse samples and controlled designs are needed.</p>\",\"PeriodicalId\":16052,\"journal\":{\"name\":\"Journal of Functional Morphology and Kinesiology\",\"volume\":\"10 3\",\"pages\":\"\"},\"PeriodicalIF\":2.5000,\"publicationDate\":\"2025-09-14\",\"publicationTypes\":\"Journal Article\",\"fieldsOfStudy\":null,\"isOpenAccess\":false,\"openAccessPdf\":\"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12452660/pdf/\",\"citationCount\":\"0\",\"resultStr\":null,\"platform\":\"Semanticscholar\",\"paperid\":null,\"PeriodicalName\":\"Journal of Functional Morphology and Kinesiology\",\"FirstCategoryId\":\"1085\",\"ListUrlMain\":\"https://doi.org/10.3390/jfmk10030352\",\"RegionNum\":0,\"RegionCategory\":null,\"ArticlePicture\":[],\"TitleCN\":null,\"AbstractTextCN\":null,\"PMCID\":null,\"EPubDate\":\"\",\"PubModel\":\"\",\"JCR\":\"Q1\",\"JCRName\":\"SPORT SCIENCES\",\"Score\":null,\"Total\":0}","platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Journal of Functional Morphology and Kinesiology","FirstCategoryId":"1085","ListUrlMain":"https://doi.org/10.3390/jfmk10030352","RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":null,"ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"Q1","JCRName":"SPORT SCIENCES","Score":null,"Total":0}
Exploring the Impact of Pickleball for Improving Mood in First-Year University Students-A Pilot Study in Japan.
Background: Pickleball has gained global popularity as a socially engaging and accessible sport, but little is known about its short-term psychological effects on younger populations, particularly university students. This pilot study examines whether participation in a pickleball class during a university course produces immediate mood improvements among Japanese first-year students. Methods: A total of 106 sports science students (75 men and 31 women; M = 18.44, SD = 0.55) participated in a 100 min pickleball tournament. Mood states were measured pre- and post-activity using a Two-Dimensional Mood Scale (TDMS) to assess vitality, stability, pleasure, and arousal. A mixed-design ANOVA (time × gender) was used for analysis. Results: A significant main effect of time was found for vitality (F(1,103) = 4.97, p = 0.028, η2 = 0.046), indicating improved vitality after participation. Other mood indices showed positive but non-significant trends (pleasure: p = 0.127; arousal: p = 0.067; stability: p = 0.812). No significant main effects of gender or time × gender interactions were observed. Qualitative responses supported these findings, with 64% of participants describing the activity as "fun" or "good" and 24% referencing social themes such as "cooperation" and "exchange". Conclusions: Short-term participation in pickleball during a university class improved vitality and fostered social enjoyment among first-year students, with broadly similar benefits for men and women. As a pilot study, the findings highlight pickleball's potential as a low-barrier, socially interactive activity to support students' mental health in educational settings, although future studies with diverse samples and controlled designs are needed.