Adroit Green Synthesis of Silver Nanoparticles: Multivariate Photocatalytic Degradation of Alizarin Yellow R Dye and Biomedical Applications

In an effort to address the issues of water pollution, it is crucial to foster extremely durable and solar light-sensitive photocatalysts for accelerating the elimination of organic dyes from wastewater. Solar-driven photocatalytic dye degradation has been touted as a novel, feasible, and economical method as it leverages an interminable and renewable energy source. In this study, liquid jaggery, a natural and renewable reducing agent, was employed for the synthesis of silver nanoparticles (Ag NPs) under ambient conditions. Various analytical techniques are used to ascertain morphological, structural, and compositional characteristics. The catalytic activity of prepared Ag NPs was assessed on alizarin yellow R (AYR) as a pollutant organic dye. The produced silver nanoparticles (Ag NPs) displayed efficacious photocatalytic activity when tested against the AYR dye. A systematic investigation was undertaken to elucidate the effects of critical reaction parameters, including temperature, pH, exposure duration, and catalyst dosage, on the solar-driven photocatalytic decomposition of AYR dye. Remarkably, the Ag NPs exhibited outstanding catalytic efficacy, achieving an impressive 95.87% degradation within 30 h, underscoring their substantial potential for advanced wastewater treatment and environmental remediation. Furthermore, the study underscores the versatile nature of Ag NPs, extending their applicability beyond environmental remediation to advanced biomedical domains. These applications include their utilization as antimicrobial agents in dentistry and dental implants, antitumor agents, antidiabetic, and facilitators of wound healing. The dual functionality of Ag NPs, bridging sustainable environmental technologies and innovative biomedical solutions, highlights their transformative potential in addressing contemporary scientific and technological challenges.