Ensuring safe and efficient GEO satellite longitude transitions

A GEO satellite may occasionally need to change its operational longitude, a process known as "relocation," to meet commercial or regulatory demands. Although such relocations are rare, they require meticulous planning and precise execution to ensure success. Due to the complexity and sensitivity of this task, effective coordination and precise execution are required throughout the planning and operational phases. This paper examines the critical factors involved in planning a secure relocation, with a focus on achieving the optimal balance between eccentricity and drift rate to accomplish the intended objectives. Additionally, the paper proposes guidance to support the successful execution of such operations.