秘鲁万塔安第斯钙质湿地的地球化学、水化学和遥感研究

IF 5 2区地球科学 Q1 WATER RESOURCES

Journal of Hydrology-Regional Studies Pub Date : 2025-09-16 DOI:10.1016/j.ejrh.2025.102767

Bruno K. Cardenas Morales , John Forrest , Walter V. Castro Aponte , Henry E. Sanchez Cornejo , Braulio La Torre , Jorge Jhoncon Kooyip , Patrick Byrne , T.T. Nguyen , Crispin H.W. Barnes , Luis De Los Santos Valladares

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引用次数: 0

摘要

Huaper湿地位于秘鲁中部安第斯山脉的阿亚库乔地区的万塔省，海拔2353 米。这种钙质高原生态系统对灌溉、生物多样性保护和当地供水具有关键作用。然而，它越来越受到不受管制的旅游业、农业径流和废物管理不善的影响。本研究首次对华柏湿地进行了地球化学、水化学和遥感综合评价。在两个水文年（2023-2024年3月和11月）的四个运动期间收集了水样，代表了南方的夏季和冬季。分析的参数包括pH值（6.92 ~ 7.22）、电导率（0.87 ~ 0.94 dS/m）、总溶解固形物、溶解氧(min。1.43 mg/L)，以及潜在的有毒元素。用能量色散x射线能谱（EDX）和x射线衍射（XRD）对17个沉积物样品进行了表征，证实方解石（高达43.8% %）和镁方解石（32.8% %）占主导地位，微量硝酸盐（纳米₃）表明农业影响。使用哨兵2号（2016-2023）图像的归一化差水指数（NDWI）评估地表水分动态。结果表明，该地区水质出现了初步恶化迹象，2023年11月硝酸盐含量（8.09 mg/L）超过国家标准，水质指数从2023年的“优”（94.92-100.00）下降到2024年的“良”（92.04）。NDWI分析显示，地表湿度持续下降，2017年最低（-0.4699;STD = 0.0716）。高钠浓度和低溶解氧水平可能破坏氧化还原条件的稳定，潜在地调动砷和铅。这些发现表明，安第斯钙质湿地的地球化学缓冲能力正在减弱，并强调了在安第斯钙质湿地实施土地利用管制、盐度控制和成本效益高的长期监测的紧迫性。

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Geochemical, hydrochemical and remote sensing study of an Andean calcareous wetland in Huanta, Peru

Study region

The Huaper Wetland is located in the Huanta Province, Ayacucho Region, in the Central Peruvian Andes at 2353 m above sea level. This calcareous highland ecosystem has a key role for irrigation, biodiversity conservation, and local water supply. However, it is increasingly affected by unregulated tourism, agricultural runoff, and poor waste management.

Study focus

This study presents the first integrated geochemical, hydrochemical, and remote sensing assessment of the Huaper Wetland. Water samples were collected during four campaigns across two hydrological years (March and November 2023–2024), representing both Austral summer and winter. Parameters analyzed included pH (6.92–7.22), electrical conductivity (0.87–0.94 dS/m), total dissolved solids, dissolved oxygen (min. 1.43 mg/L), and potentially toxic elements. Seventeen sediment samples were characterized using Energy Dispersive X-ray Spectroscopy (EDX) and X-ray Diffraction (XRD), confirming dominance of calcite (up to 43.8 %) and magnesium calcite (32.8 %), with traces of nitratine (NaNO₃) suggesting agricultural influence. Surface moisture dynamics were assessed using the Normalized Difference Water Index (NDWI) from Sentinel-2 imagery (2016–2023).

New hydrological insights for the region

The results indicate initial signs of water quality deterioration, with nitrate levels in November 2023 (8.09 mg/L) exceeding national standards and a decline in the Water Quality Index from “Excellent” (94.92–100.00) in 2023 to “Good” (92.04) in 2024. NDWI analysis revealed a persistent decrease in surface moisture, with a minimum in 2017 (–0.4699; STD = 0.0716). Elevated sodium concentrations and low dissolved oxygen levels may destabilize redox conditions, potentially mobilizing arsenic and lead. These findings suggest a weakening of the wetland’s geochemical buffering capacity and highlight the urgency of implementing land-use regulation, salinity control, and cost-effective long-term monitoring in calcareous Andean wetlands.

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来源期刊

Journal of Hydrology-Regional Studies Earth and Planetary Sciences-Earth and Planetary Sciences (miscellaneous)

CiteScore

6.70

自引率

8.50%

发文量

284

审稿时长

60 days

期刊介绍： Journal of Hydrology: Regional Studies publishes original research papers enhancing the science of hydrology and aiming at region-specific problems, past and future conditions, analysis, review and solutions. The journal particularly welcomes research papers that deliver new insights into region-specific hydrological processes and responses to changing conditions, as well as contributions that incorporate interdisciplinarity and translational science.