Progress and development on mechanism and risk assessment of coal spontaneous combustion with gas explosion in underground goaf

The coupled disaster of coal spontaneous combustion (CSC) and gas explosions in the goaf of high-gas mines is a critical focus for disaster prevention. This paper reviewed the current research on these mechanisms and associated risk assessments, aiming to support the development of prevention technologies in China. The review covered three areas: Gas explosion mechanisms, coal spontaneous combustion characteristics and risk assessment, and the coupling laws and risk evaluation of these disasters in goafs. Five key issues for future research are identified: The need for more detailed studies on the explosion mechanisms of multi-component gas mixtures; further exploration of coal spontaneous combustion evolution and risk determination in goafs; systematic improvement of theories on coupled coal combustion and gas explosion disasters; clarification of flame shock wave propagation in gas explosions; and the urgent development of a risk evaluation system for these coupled disasters. Continuous research in this field is of vital importance for enhancing the safety standards of coalmines, promoting the sustainable development of the coal industry, and achieving the goals of carbon peak and carbon neutrality.