土壤、水和空气中汞限量指南的范围审查:巴西的标准与国际和发达国家的指南相比如何?

IF 3.4
Maria Elena Crespo-Lopez*, , , Marcus Augusto-Oliveira*, , , Isabela Soares-Silva, , , Fernanda P. Arrifano, , , Camila Lago-Pinheiro, , , Gabriel Paiva-Canelas, , , Letícia Santos-Sacramento, , , Caio Gustavo Leal-Nazaré, , , Carlos B. A. de Souza, , , Marcelo Oliveira-da-Costa, , and , Gabriela P. Arrifano*, 
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引用次数: 0

摘要

汞对人类健康和环境健康都是一个全球性问题。《关于汞的水俣公约》在151个国家的共同努力下于2017年生效,其中大部分是全球南方国家。其中许多国家仍在将这些国际概念纳入国内实践的过程中。其中包括巴西,该国自2013年以来一直是该公约的签署国。由于该国拥有70%的亚马逊地区,而该地区的排放量约占全球排放量的40%,占南美洲排放量的80%,因此它在公约中扮演着相当重要的角色。为了成功实施《公约》,必须努力在制定汞限量时弥合决策者与学术知识之间的差距。作为第一步,本研究遵循PRISMA-ScR指南,并专门使用该范围内的参考文献,对土壤、水和空气中汞的推荐限量指南进行系统搜索。通过这种方法检索到的文件进行了比较,汇集了见解和建议,特别是针对巴西和亚马逊地区的情况。这些文件(准则)的数量、地理多样性和时代性虽然不是详尽无遗,但可以通过比较分析和提出建议来确立基准,这些建议可能被其他亚马逊国家(甚至全球南方的其他国家)采纳,同时尊重它们的具体差异。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
A Scoping Review of Guidelines for Mercury Limits in Soil, Water, and Air: How Do Brazil’s Standards Compare to International and Developed Country Guidelines?

Mercury is a global problem for both human and environmental health. The Minamata Convention on Mercury entered into force in 2017, joining efforts of 151 countries, mostly in the Global South. Many of them are still in the process of incorporating these international concepts into domestic practice. This includes Brazil, which has been a signatory of the Convention since 2013. Since the country includes 70% of the Amazon, which is the region responsible for approximately 40% of the global emissions and 80% of South America′s emissions, it plays quite an important role in the Convention. For the successful implementation of the Convention, efforts must be made to bridge the gap between policymakers and academic knowledge when setting mercury limits. As a first step, this study followed the PRISMA-ScR guidelines and used references exclusively within this scope to perform a systematic search of guidelines with recommended limits for mercury in soil, water, and air. The documents retrieved by this approach were compared, bringing together insights and recommendations, especially for Brazil and the Amazonian context. While not exhaustive, the number, geographical diversity, and recency of the documents (guidelines) allow for the establishment of benchmarks through comparative analysis and the formulation of recommendations that could potentially be adopted by other Amazonian countries (or even other countries in the Global South), while respecting their specific differences.

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