{"title":"大麻木质素深度共熔萃取和胺化持续增值对重金属吸附及废水深度处理的应用","authors":"Jarudech Rakphong, Voravadee Suchaiya, Chuanchom Aumnate, Duangdao Aht-Ong","doi":"10.1007/s10924-025-03656-8","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>This study presents a sustainable approach for the extraction and functionalization of lignin from hemp biomass using choline chloride-based deep eutectic solvents (DES), formulated with hydrogen-bond donors such as lactic acid, ethylene glycol, and urea. Lignin was successfully extracted with a yield of 10.34% and subsequently converted into nanoparticles via anti-solvent precipitation and mechanical homogenization. To enhance adsorption performance, the nanolignin was chemically aminated using diethylenetriamine (DETA), introducing amine groups (-NH<sub>2</sub>) that facilitate copper ion (Cu<sup>2+</sup>) binding through chelation and electrostatic interactions. Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR) confirmed successful amine functionalization with a characteristic peak at 1662 cm⁻¹. Field Emission Scanning Electron Microscopy (FE-SEM) revealed that the nanoparticles had an average size of approximately 50 nm. After amination, Dynamic Light Scattering (DLS) analysis showed an increase in particle size to around 280 nm following amination. Thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) indicated reduced thermal stability, which is consistent with the increased surface area observed in Brunauer-Emmett-Teller (BET) analysis (39.39 ± 0.18 m<sup>2</sup>/g). The aminated nanolignin exhibited a high copper adsorption capacity of 141.56 ± 0.72 mg/g. Copper was selected as the model contaminant due to its widespread presence in industrial wastewater, particularly from mining, electroplating, and electronics. In addition to its adsorption performance, the aminated nanolignin demonstrated strong UV absorption and achieved 99.99% antibacterial activity against <i>Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus)</i>, supporting its potential use in integrated UV-shielding and antibacterial applications. These results highlight the promise of aminated hemp-derived nanolignin as a renewable, cost-effective, and multifunctional nanomaterial for advanced wastewater treatment targeting heavy metal and pathogenic contaminants.</p><h3>Graphical Abstract</h3><div><figure><div><div><picture><source><img></source></picture></div></div></figure></div></div>","PeriodicalId":659,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Polymers and the Environment","volume":"33 10","pages":"4411 - 4429"},"PeriodicalIF":5.0000,"publicationDate":"2025-08-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":"0","resultStr":"{\"title\":\"Sustainable Valorization of Hemp Lignin via Deep Eutectic Solvent Extraction and Amination for Enhanced Heavy Metal Adsorption and Advanced Wastewater Treatment Applications\",\"authors\":\"Jarudech Rakphong, Voravadee Suchaiya, Chuanchom Aumnate, Duangdao Aht-Ong\",\"doi\":\"10.1007/s10924-025-03656-8\",\"DOIUrl\":null,\"url\":null,\"abstract\":\"<div><p>This study presents a sustainable approach for the extraction and functionalization of lignin from hemp biomass using choline chloride-based deep eutectic solvents (DES), formulated with hydrogen-bond donors such as lactic acid, ethylene glycol, and urea. Lignin was successfully extracted with a yield of 10.34% and subsequently converted into nanoparticles via anti-solvent precipitation and mechanical homogenization. To enhance adsorption performance, the nanolignin was chemically aminated using diethylenetriamine (DETA), introducing amine groups (-NH<sub>2</sub>) that facilitate copper ion (Cu<sup>2+</sup>) binding through chelation and electrostatic interactions. Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR) confirmed successful amine functionalization with a characteristic peak at 1662 cm⁻¹. Field Emission Scanning Electron Microscopy (FE-SEM) revealed that the nanoparticles had an average size of approximately 50 nm. After amination, Dynamic Light Scattering (DLS) analysis showed an increase in particle size to around 280 nm following amination. Thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) indicated reduced thermal stability, which is consistent with the increased surface area observed in Brunauer-Emmett-Teller (BET) analysis (39.39 ± 0.18 m<sup>2</sup>/g). The aminated nanolignin exhibited a high copper adsorption capacity of 141.56 ± 0.72 mg/g. Copper was selected as the model contaminant due to its widespread presence in industrial wastewater, particularly from mining, electroplating, and electronics. In addition to its adsorption performance, the aminated nanolignin demonstrated strong UV absorption and achieved 99.99% antibacterial activity against <i>Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus)</i>, supporting its potential use in integrated UV-shielding and antibacterial applications. These results highlight the promise of aminated hemp-derived nanolignin as a renewable, cost-effective, and multifunctional nanomaterial for advanced wastewater treatment targeting heavy metal and pathogenic contaminants.</p><h3>Graphical Abstract</h3><div><figure><div><div><picture><source><img></source></picture></div></div></figure></div></div>\",\"PeriodicalId\":659,\"journal\":{\"name\":\"Journal of Polymers and the Environment\",\"volume\":\"33 10\",\"pages\":\"4411 - 4429\"},\"PeriodicalIF\":5.0000,\"publicationDate\":\"2025-08-09\",\"publicationTypes\":\"Journal Article\",\"fieldsOfStudy\":null,\"isOpenAccess\":false,\"openAccessPdf\":\"\",\"citationCount\":\"0\",\"resultStr\":null,\"platform\":\"Semanticscholar\",\"paperid\":null,\"PeriodicalName\":\"Journal of Polymers and the Environment\",\"FirstCategoryId\":\"5\",\"ListUrlMain\":\"https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s10924-025-03656-8\",\"RegionNum\":3,\"RegionCategory\":\"工程技术\",\"ArticlePicture\":[],\"TitleCN\":null,\"AbstractTextCN\":null,\"PMCID\":null,\"EPubDate\":\"\",\"PubModel\":\"\",\"JCR\":\"Q2\",\"JCRName\":\"ENGINEERING, ENVIRONMENTAL\",\"Score\":null,\"Total\":0}","platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Journal of Polymers and the Environment","FirstCategoryId":"5","ListUrlMain":"https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s10924-025-03656-8","RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"Q2","JCRName":"ENGINEERING, ENVIRONMENTAL","Score":null,"Total":0}
Sustainable Valorization of Hemp Lignin via Deep Eutectic Solvent Extraction and Amination for Enhanced Heavy Metal Adsorption and Advanced Wastewater Treatment Applications
This study presents a sustainable approach for the extraction and functionalization of lignin from hemp biomass using choline chloride-based deep eutectic solvents (DES), formulated with hydrogen-bond donors such as lactic acid, ethylene glycol, and urea. Lignin was successfully extracted with a yield of 10.34% and subsequently converted into nanoparticles via anti-solvent precipitation and mechanical homogenization. To enhance adsorption performance, the nanolignin was chemically aminated using diethylenetriamine (DETA), introducing amine groups (-NH2) that facilitate copper ion (Cu2+) binding through chelation and electrostatic interactions. Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR) confirmed successful amine functionalization with a characteristic peak at 1662 cm⁻¹. Field Emission Scanning Electron Microscopy (FE-SEM) revealed that the nanoparticles had an average size of approximately 50 nm. After amination, Dynamic Light Scattering (DLS) analysis showed an increase in particle size to around 280 nm following amination. Thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) indicated reduced thermal stability, which is consistent with the increased surface area observed in Brunauer-Emmett-Teller (BET) analysis (39.39 ± 0.18 m2/g). The aminated nanolignin exhibited a high copper adsorption capacity of 141.56 ± 0.72 mg/g. Copper was selected as the model contaminant due to its widespread presence in industrial wastewater, particularly from mining, electroplating, and electronics. In addition to its adsorption performance, the aminated nanolignin demonstrated strong UV absorption and achieved 99.99% antibacterial activity against Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus), supporting its potential use in integrated UV-shielding and antibacterial applications. These results highlight the promise of aminated hemp-derived nanolignin as a renewable, cost-effective, and multifunctional nanomaterial for advanced wastewater treatment targeting heavy metal and pathogenic contaminants.
期刊介绍：
The Journal of Polymers and the Environment fills the need for an international forum in this diverse and rapidly expanding field. The journal serves a crucial role for the publication of information from a wide range of disciplines and is a central outlet for the publication of high-quality peer-reviewed original papers, review articles and short communications. The journal is intentionally interdisciplinary in regard to contributions and covers the following subjects - polymers, environmentally degradable polymers, and degradation pathways: biological, photochemical, oxidative and hydrolytic; new environmental materials: derived by chemical and biosynthetic routes; environmental blends and composites; developments in processing and reactive processing of environmental polymers; characterization of environmental materials: mechanical, physical, thermal, rheological, morphological, and others; recyclable polymers and plastics recycling environmental testing: in-laboratory simulations, outdoor exposures, and standardization of methodologies; environmental fate: end products and intermediates of biodegradation; microbiology and enzymology of polymer biodegradation; solid-waste management and public legislation specific to environmental polymers; and other related topics.
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