Green Synthesis of Maleic Anhydride-Grafted-Xyloglucan Hydrogel Film and its In Vitro Scratch Wound Assay, Anti-Diabetic and Anti-Inflammatory Studies

This study developed a novel xyloglucan-graft-maleic anhydride (XG-g-MA) hydrogel film via an environmentally friendly one-pot synthesis and solvent casting method. The successful grafting and resulting material properties were confirmed by FTIR, TGA and FESEM analysis. Recognizing the critical link between diabetes and inflammation in wound healing, we investigated the hydrogel’s multi-functional properties. In vitro assays demonstrated that the XG-g-MA hydrogel exhibited a concentration-dependent anti-inflammatory activity with an IC₅₀ value of 72.13 µg/ml and anti-diabetic activity (α-amylase inhibition, IC₅₀ > 100 µg/ml). The hydrogel also promoted wound healing, achieving a 97.5% cell migration rate in a scratch assay within 36 h. Furthermore, the XG-g-MA film showed good hemocompatibility, as evidenced by its minimal impact on red blood cell counts and a hemolysis rate comparable to the control. These compelling in vitro findings indicate that the XG-g-MA hydrogel possesses a promising combination of anti-diabetic, anti-inflammatory, and wound-healing properties. The results suggest that this material is a potential candidate for further investigation as a versatile biomaterial, especially for challenging wound management.