Wind speed profile model of the desert photovoltaic arrays

Accurate prediction of dust accumulation on photovoltaic (PV) modules is crucial for enhancing power generation forecasts in desert PV plants. The profiles of wind serve as a crucial tool in estimating the fluid forces acting on airborne particles, thereby facilitating an understanding of the patterns of surface dust accumulation on PV modules. Given the scarcity of research in this domain, this study leverages computational fluid dynamics (CFD) simulations to explore how incoming wind speed, PV module installation height, and tilt angle affect wind profiles in PV arrays. The findings reveal that both friction velocity and aerodynamic roughness exhibit an S-shaped increase in response to the elevation of the installation height of photovoltaic arrays, as well as an increase corresponding to the tilt angle of the PV modules. Building on these insights, the study develops a wind profile model tailored to PV arrays with varied installation configurations. The model establishes a functional relationship between the wind speed profile and the installation parameters. These outcomes provide a vital theoretical basis for the prediction of dust accumulation on PV modules using theoretical models, thereby offering significant scientific support for improving the accuracy of power generation forecasts in desert PV power plants.