工作时间、就业和劳动生产率的性别差异

IF 4.7 2区经济学 Q1 ECONOMICS

Economic Modelling Pub Date : 2025-09-13 DOI:10.1016/j.econmod.2025.107302

Qing Peng , Haisheng Yang , Jie Li

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引用次数: 0

摘要

中国的性别差异退休年龄政策导致女性的工作年限比男性短5-10年。利用一种可转移的实用新型，我们证明了这种性别差距对就业和劳动生产率产生了负面影响。将女性退休年龄推迟到55-60岁，将使城镇就业率提高0.43-0.80个百分点，使劳动生产率提高13%-22%。然而，这些改革可能会扰乱年轻母亲的职业生涯，因为祖母在照顾孩子方面发挥着重要作用。我们的反事实模拟表明，如果有两个孩子的年轻母亲中有10%辞职，那么总产出可能会减少6.11%。因此，改善公共托儿服务对于支持推迟妇女退休的过渡至关重要。

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Gender gap in working span, employment, and labor productivity

The sex-differential retirement age policy in China results in a shorter working span of 5–10 years for women than for men. Using a transferable utility model, we document that this gender gap negatively impacts employment and labor productivity. Delaying women’s retirement to 55–60 years would increase urban employment by 0.43–0.80 percentage points and improve labor productivity by 13%–22%. However, such reforms could disrupt young mothers’ careers, as grandmothers play an important role in childcare. Our counterfactual simulations show that if 10% of young mothers with two children quit their jobs, it could decrease aggregate output by 6.11%. Therefore, improving public childcare services is crucial to support the transition of postponing women’s retirement.

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来源期刊

Economic Modelling ECONOMICS-

CiteScore

8.00

自引率

10.60%

发文量

295

期刊介绍： Economic Modelling fills a major gap in the economics literature, providing a single source of both theoretical and applied papers on economic modelling. The journal prime objective is to provide an international review of the state-of-the-art in economic modelling. Economic Modelling publishes the complete versions of many large-scale models of industrially advanced economies which have been developed for policy analysis. Examples are the Bank of England Model and the US Federal Reserve Board Model which had hitherto been unpublished. As individual models are revised and updated, the journal publishes subsequent papers dealing with these revisions, so keeping its readers as up to date as possible.