{"title":"硼通过维持亚细胞组分中铜、钙、镁、钾和磷的稳态来减少铜毒性对柑桔细胞壁结构和功能的损害。","authors":"Xu-Feng Chen, Wei-Lin Huang, Liang-Yuan Tong, Tian-Tian Xia, Ti Wu, Fei Lu, Jiuxin Guo, Zeng-Rong Huang, Lin-Tong Yang, Li-Song Chen","doi":"10.1093/treephys/tpaf114","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Commercial citrus are predominantly grown in acidic soils with low boron (B) and high copper (Cu) concentrations. There are limited data on how B-Cu treatments affect the concentrations and distributions of nutrients in leaf and root subcellular fractions. Citrus sinensis seedlings were exposed to 2.5 (B2.5) or 25 (B25) μM H3BO3 × 0.5 (Cu0.5) or 350 (Cu350) μM CuCl2 for 24 weeks. Thereafter, we assayed the concentrations of Cu, calcium, magnesium, potassium, and phosphorus in leaf and root cell wall (CW) fraction, organelle fraction, and soluble fraction, as well as the expression levels of genes related to their homeostasis. B25 reduced Cu350-induced damage of CW structure and function via alleviating Cu350-induced increment in the Cu concentration and decrements in the calcium, magnesium, potassium, and phosphorus concentrations, as well as Cu350-induced alterations of their distributions in root and leaf subcellular fractions, thereby promoting seedling growth. Also, leaves and roots of B2.5-treated seedlings displayed some adaptive responses to Cu350. Cu350 increased the distribution of Cu in CW fraction to prevent it from entering more sensitive targets; and the distributions of calcium, magnesium, and potassium in CW fraction to maintain CW structure and function. However, Cu350 decreased the distribution of phosphorus in CW fraction, but increased the release of phosphate from organic-phosphate compounds and the conversion of pyrophosphate into phosphate to maintain phosphate homeostasis. Therefore, the study provided novel evidence for B to alleviate Cu toxicity in citrus via maintaining the Cu, calcium, magnesium, potassium, and phosphorus homeostasis in subcellular fractions and a scientific basis for the rational application of calcium, magnesium, potassium, and phosphorus fertilizers in woody crops (citrus) to prevent Cu toxicity.</p>","PeriodicalId":23286,"journal":{"name":"Tree physiology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.7000,"publicationDate":"2025-09-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":"0","resultStr":"{\"title\":\"Boron reduces the damage of copper toxicity to Citrus sinensis cell wall structure and function via maintaining copper, calcium, magnesium, potassium, and phosphorus homeostasis in subcellular fractions.\",\"authors\":\"Xu-Feng Chen, Wei-Lin Huang, Liang-Yuan Tong, Tian-Tian Xia, Ti Wu, Fei Lu, Jiuxin Guo, Zeng-Rong Huang, Lin-Tong Yang, Li-Song Chen\",\"doi\":\"10.1093/treephys/tpaf114\",\"DOIUrl\":null,\"url\":null,\"abstract\":\"<p><p>Commercial citrus are predominantly grown in acidic soils with low boron (B) and high copper (Cu) concentrations. There are limited data on how B-Cu treatments affect the concentrations and distributions of nutrients in leaf and root subcellular fractions. Citrus sinensis seedlings were exposed to 2.5 (B2.5) or 25 (B25) μM H3BO3 × 0.5 (Cu0.5) or 350 (Cu350) μM CuCl2 for 24 weeks. Thereafter, we assayed the concentrations of Cu, calcium, magnesium, potassium, and phosphorus in leaf and root cell wall (CW) fraction, organelle fraction, and soluble fraction, as well as the expression levels of genes related to their homeostasis. B25 reduced Cu350-induced damage of CW structure and function via alleviating Cu350-induced increment in the Cu concentration and decrements in the calcium, magnesium, potassium, and phosphorus concentrations, as well as Cu350-induced alterations of their distributions in root and leaf subcellular fractions, thereby promoting seedling growth. Also, leaves and roots of B2.5-treated seedlings displayed some adaptive responses to Cu350. Cu350 increased the distribution of Cu in CW fraction to prevent it from entering more sensitive targets; and the distributions of calcium, magnesium, and potassium in CW fraction to maintain CW structure and function. However, Cu350 decreased the distribution of phosphorus in CW fraction, but increased the release of phosphate from organic-phosphate compounds and the conversion of pyrophosphate into phosphate to maintain phosphate homeostasis. Therefore, the study provided novel evidence for B to alleviate Cu toxicity in citrus via maintaining the Cu, calcium, magnesium, potassium, and phosphorus homeostasis in subcellular fractions and a scientific basis for the rational application of calcium, magnesium, potassium, and phosphorus fertilizers in woody crops (citrus) to prevent Cu toxicity.</p>\",\"PeriodicalId\":23286,\"journal\":{\"name\":\"Tree physiology\",\"volume\":\" \",\"pages\":\"\"},\"PeriodicalIF\":3.7000,\"publicationDate\":\"2025-09-15\",\"publicationTypes\":\"Journal Article\",\"fieldsOfStudy\":null,\"isOpenAccess\":false,\"openAccessPdf\":\"\",\"citationCount\":\"0\",\"resultStr\":null,\"platform\":\"Semanticscholar\",\"paperid\":null,\"PeriodicalName\":\"Tree physiology\",\"FirstCategoryId\":\"97\",\"ListUrlMain\":\"https://doi.org/10.1093/treephys/tpaf114\",\"RegionNum\":2,\"RegionCategory\":\"农林科学\",\"ArticlePicture\":[],\"TitleCN\":null,\"AbstractTextCN\":null,\"PMCID\":null,\"EPubDate\":\"\",\"PubModel\":\"\",\"JCR\":\"Q1\",\"JCRName\":\"FORESTRY\",\"Score\":null,\"Total\":0}","platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Tree physiology","FirstCategoryId":"97","ListUrlMain":"https://doi.org/10.1093/treephys/tpaf114","RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"Q1","JCRName":"FORESTRY","Score":null,"Total":0}
Boron reduces the damage of copper toxicity to Citrus sinensis cell wall structure and function via maintaining copper, calcium, magnesium, potassium, and phosphorus homeostasis in subcellular fractions.
Commercial citrus are predominantly grown in acidic soils with low boron (B) and high copper (Cu) concentrations. There are limited data on how B-Cu treatments affect the concentrations and distributions of nutrients in leaf and root subcellular fractions. Citrus sinensis seedlings were exposed to 2.5 (B2.5) or 25 (B25) μM H3BO3 × 0.5 (Cu0.5) or 350 (Cu350) μM CuCl2 for 24 weeks. Thereafter, we assayed the concentrations of Cu, calcium, magnesium, potassium, and phosphorus in leaf and root cell wall (CW) fraction, organelle fraction, and soluble fraction, as well as the expression levels of genes related to their homeostasis. B25 reduced Cu350-induced damage of CW structure and function via alleviating Cu350-induced increment in the Cu concentration and decrements in the calcium, magnesium, potassium, and phosphorus concentrations, as well as Cu350-induced alterations of their distributions in root and leaf subcellular fractions, thereby promoting seedling growth. Also, leaves and roots of B2.5-treated seedlings displayed some adaptive responses to Cu350. Cu350 increased the distribution of Cu in CW fraction to prevent it from entering more sensitive targets; and the distributions of calcium, magnesium, and potassium in CW fraction to maintain CW structure and function. However, Cu350 decreased the distribution of phosphorus in CW fraction, but increased the release of phosphate from organic-phosphate compounds and the conversion of pyrophosphate into phosphate to maintain phosphate homeostasis. Therefore, the study provided novel evidence for B to alleviate Cu toxicity in citrus via maintaining the Cu, calcium, magnesium, potassium, and phosphorus homeostasis in subcellular fractions and a scientific basis for the rational application of calcium, magnesium, potassium, and phosphorus fertilizers in woody crops (citrus) to prevent Cu toxicity.
期刊介绍：
Tree Physiology promotes research in a framework of hierarchically organized systems, measuring insight by the ability to link adjacent layers: thus, investigated tree physiology phenomenon should seek mechanistic explanation in finer-scale phenomena as well as seek significance in larger scale phenomena (Passioura 1979). A phenomenon not linked downscale is merely descriptive; an observation not linked upscale, might be trivial. Physiologists often refer qualitatively to processes at finer or coarser scale than the scale of their observation, and studies formally directed at three, or even two adjacent scales are rare. To emphasize the importance of relating mechanisms to coarser scale function, Tree Physiology will highlight papers doing so particularly well as feature papers.
求助内容：
应助结果提醒方式：
京公网安备 11010802042870号
