Effects of continuous and interval training on inflammatory and vascular adhesion markers in sedentary individuals with type 1 diabetes.

Purpose: This study evaluates and compares the effects of continuous and interval training on inflammatory and adhesion molecules in subjects with Type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1D) and healthy controls.

Methods: Using Luminex X-MAP, serum inflammatory and adhesion molecules were measured in 50 non-obese, sedentary adults (78% women; mean age 34 years), including 27 with T1D and 23 healthy controls.

Results: Subjects with T1D exhibited a tendency towards decreased interleukin 10 (IL-10) levels and increased intercellular adhesion molecule (ICAM1) levels compared to controls. Exercise training, specifically high-intensity interval training (HIIT), increased IL-10 levels in the T1D group. Among controls, we observed a decrease in vascular cell adhesion molecule 1 (VCAM1) after continuous training, and in platelet selectin (P-selectin) after HIIT. The correlation studies revealed that subjects with higher baseline maximal oxygen uptake (VO₂max) achieved greater reductions in P-selectin levels with training and that levels of VCAM1 were further reduced by training in subjects with higher baseline metabolic equivalents (METS).

Conclusion: Our findings show that the effects of exercise on inflammatory cytokines and adhesion molecules vary depending on the training modality and the population studied. Additionally, our data suggest that physical activity and fitness levels influence individual responses to exercise in relation to adhesion molecules in healthy and subjects with T1D.