The Effect of Different Nanoparticles Surface Plasmon Polariton (SPP) Grating on Ge, Si, InP, and GaAs Photodetectors Performance

The photonics community is getting more involved in plasmonic detectors that detect light. Plasmonics permits lighting to be directed into microscopic areas in metal frameworks; this feature might imitate further advancements in the effectiveness of detectors that detect light. Plasmonic nanostructures may alter light at a subwavelength scale and have been seen as an effective way to improve photoresponsiveness in semiconductor components. A groove in a surface plasmon polaritons (SPPs) catapult which encircles a novel germanium (Ge), silicon (Si), indium phosphide (InP), and gallium arsenide (GaAs) photodetectors can be applied to improve the detector’s photocurrent, responsivity, and internal quantum efficiency of the detector. In this study, we examine the effect of a gold (Au) and a silver (Ag) SPP on Ge, Si, InP, and GaAs photodetectors. Moreover, in this study, we demonstrated that the recombination of the gold SPP with the photodetector presents higher responsivity (R) and current density (J) than that with the silver SPP in all of the examined photodetectors. The maximum responsivity when using gold nanoparticles in Ge achieves 250 A W⁻¹, 150 A W⁻¹ in Si, 40 A W⁻¹ in InP, and 25 A W⁻¹ in GaAs. The results also achieve a high current density (J) of 25 mA cm⁻² in Ge gold SPP, 15 mA cm⁻² in Si gold SPP, 3.6 mA cm⁻² in InP gold SPP, and 1.6 mA cm⁻² in GaAs gold SPP. The results demonstrated that the Ge achieves the best performance of all examined photodetectors, and the gold SPP achieves better results than the silver SPP. We utilize a 3-D finite element method (FEM) COMSOL Multiphysics 6.1 simulation tool in all experiments results.