Comparative study of the clinicopathologic characteristics and immunohistochemical expression of recurrent and nonrecurrent glandular odontogenic cysts: a retrospective longitudinal cohort multicenter study.

Objective: The objective of this study was to analyze the clinicopathological profile of recurrent and non-recurrent glandular odontogenic cyst (GOC) through a longitudinal cohort multicenter study.

Study design: This multicenter longitudinal cohort study investigates factors associated with GOC recurrence. Included in the study were patients with histologically confirmed GOC (per Fowler's criteria), who experienced recurrence at least 1-year post-treatment. Controls were GOCs with a minimum of 5 years of recurrence-free follow-up. Histologic features, treatment rendered, and immunohistochemical staining results for CK13, CK19, and Ki-67 were documented.

Results: Eleven recurrent cases (6 men and 5 women; mean age = 56.09 years) were analyzed. The anterior mandible was the most frequently affected site (45.5%), followed by the posterior and anterior maxilla (27.1% each). The average follow-up time was 36.1 months. Recurrence was significantly associated with multiple compartments and the absence of apocrine snouting (P = .013, P = .034, respectively). The majority of the primary GOCs that later recurred were treated with enucleation (73%).

Conclusions: Multiple compartments and lack of apocrine snouting may be a histological predictor of recurrence. All recurrent cases were treated with enucleation and/or curettage, highlighting treatment approach as a key factor. (Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol Oral Radiol YEAR;VOL:page range).