Effect of Valeriana officinalis on Primary Dysmenorrhea: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

Introduction: Primary dysmenorrhea, defined by painful menstruation in the absence of pelvic disorders, often requires treatment. Traditional options such as NSAIDs and oral contraceptives have limitations. This systematic review and meta-analysis evaluate the efficacy of Valeriana officinalis (Valerian) in managing primary dysmenorrhea.

Methods: We conducted a comprehensive literature search (2000-November 2023) for RCTs comparing valerian to placebo or NSAIDs in primary dysmenorrhea. The primary outcome was a reduction in dysmenorrhea pain. Risk of bias was assessed using Cochrane's tool.

Results: Five controlled trials (201 intervention, 207 control participants) met the inclusion criteria. The random-effects model showed a significant pain reduction with valerian versus control (SMD = -1.03; 95% CI, -1.74 to -0.33; P < 0.004). Heterogeneity was high (Cochrane's Q test: P < 0.001; I² = 90.40%). Valerian was safe and well-tolerated.

Discussion: Valerian significantly reduced dysmenorrhea pain by 1.03 points on a VAS 0-10 scale, though high heterogeneity and limited studies necessitate cautious interpretation. Potential mechanisms (e.g., GABA modulation) may underlie its effects, but variability in dosing and trial designs complicates comparisons.

Conclusion: While valerian appears promising for primary dysmenorrhea, further standardized RCTs are needed to confirm efficacy and address heterogeneity.