Knowledge and attitudes toward sexual and reproductive health among youth in Jordan: A cross-sectional study.

Background: Adolescents constitute 16% of the world's population, among whom critical developmental changes influence their health. Risky sexual behaviors increase the likelihood of contracting sexually transmitted infections, with 40% of global new HIV cases occurring in individuals aged 15-25 yr.

Objective: This study aims to assess sexual health attitudes among youth in Jordan.

Materials and methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted from January to April, 2024, involving 864 participants aged between 15 and 22. Data were collected through a validated online survey comprising 43 questions covering socio-demographic factors and knowledge/attitudes toward sexual education, masturbation, pornography, sexual behaviors, and menstruation.

Results: Of the participants, 54% were females, 66.4% were university students, and 92.2% resided in urban areas. Most supported sexual education (72.1%) and its inclusion in schools (76.7%). Masturbation was recognized by 88.9%, and pornography had been viewed by 69.9%, with a strong association with male gender (p $<$ 0.001). Physical contact with partners was reported by 31.6% while 13.8% opposed it before marriage. Unwanted sexual touch was significantly more reported by females (p $<$ 0.001). Additionally, 75.7% would seek expert help for sexual issues. Only 66.7% of females learned about menstruation before its onset.

Conclusion: Despite prevailing cultural conservatism, Jordanian youth show considerable openness and awareness regarding sexual health. These findings highlight the need for culturally sensitive, structured sexual education and open dialogue to promote adolescent reproductive well-being.