Review of the fabrication methods of microwave absorbers via selective laser sintering and fused deposition modeling

Microwave absorbers play a vital role in applications such as electromagnetic interference shielding, stealth technology, and radar systems by minimizing signal reflection and transmission. This review explores the fabrication of microwave absorbers using two additive manufacturing techniques, Selective Laser Sintering (SLS) and Fused Deposition Modeling (FDM). SLS, a powder-based method, allows precise control over material composition and microstructure, enabling the production of absorbers with tailored electromagnetic properties. Recent studies highlight its effectiveness in creating composite materials with enhanced absorption capabilities. FDM, known for its cost-effectiveness and versatility, has been used to develop absorbers incorporating conductive fillers within thermoplastic matrices. Innovations in structural design, such as biomimetic approaches, have further improved performance. This review compares the advantages of SLS and FDM, focusing on material selection, structural design, and post-processing techniques to optimize absorption performance. The findings underscore the potential of additive manufacturing to advance microwave absorber technology for industrial and defense applications.