{"title":"智能取样测定hCG的比较评价:干燥微样品中蛋白质生物标志物分析的新方向。","authors":"Ago Mrsa, Marijana Matijevic, Yvette Dehnes, Trine Grønhaug Halvorsen, Léon Reubsaet","doi":"10.1002/dta.3948","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Since the early 20th century, sampling biological matrices like blood on paper (dried blood spots [DBS]) has been vital in clinical analysis. While DBS microsampling is convenient for small molecules, extensive sample preparation can make LC-MS protein analysis impractical because of the time-consuming steps, especially for low-abundance proteins. Smart sampling, introduced in 2018, simplifies this by integrating sample preparation directly on the sampler. The work presented in this paper aims to compare a newly validated smart sampling method with two other methods: an in-house method based on immunocapture on magnetic beads and a commercial method that uses electrochemiluminescence immunoassay (ECLIA). The performance of the three hCG methods was compared using 21 single-blind serum samples. Linear regression analysis revealed strong correlations (all R<sup>2</sup> > 0.91) between the actual sample concentrations and the results obtained from all three methods. Immunocapture with magnetic beads showed the strongest linear correlation (R<sup>2</sup> = 0.974). To assess agreement between the methods, Bland-Altman analysis was conducted. The comparison between smart sampling and magnetic beads showed an average bias of -5.2, with no significant trend in variation across the sample concentration range of 0.5-75 ng/mL. The smart sampling and ECLIA comparison revealed a bias of 0.4 ± 4 ng/mL, indicating even better agreement and consistent results. This paper presents the first-ever comparison of a smart sampling method with existing methods. The results highlight smart sampling as a promising new approach for bioanalysis and boost the technique as a viable alternative in protein biomarker analysis from complex matrices using LC-MS.</p>","PeriodicalId":160,"journal":{"name":"Drug Testing and Analysis","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.7000,"publicationDate":"2025-09-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":"0","resultStr":"{\"title\":\"Comparative Evaluation of Smart Sampling for hCG Determination: A New Potential Direction in Protein Biomarker Analysis From Dried Microsamples.\",\"authors\":\"Ago Mrsa, Marijana Matijevic, Yvette Dehnes, Trine Grønhaug Halvorsen, Léon Reubsaet\",\"doi\":\"10.1002/dta.3948\",\"DOIUrl\":null,\"url\":null,\"abstract\":\"<p><p>Since the early 20th century, sampling biological matrices like blood on paper (dried blood spots [DBS]) has been vital in clinical analysis. While DBS microsampling is convenient for small molecules, extensive sample preparation can make LC-MS protein analysis impractical because of the time-consuming steps, especially for low-abundance proteins. Smart sampling, introduced in 2018, simplifies this by integrating sample preparation directly on the sampler. The work presented in this paper aims to compare a newly validated smart sampling method with two other methods: an in-house method based on immunocapture on magnetic beads and a commercial method that uses electrochemiluminescence immunoassay (ECLIA). The performance of the three hCG methods was compared using 21 single-blind serum samples. Linear regression analysis revealed strong correlations (all R<sup>2</sup> > 0.91) between the actual sample concentrations and the results obtained from all three methods. Immunocapture with magnetic beads showed the strongest linear correlation (R<sup>2</sup> = 0.974). To assess agreement between the methods, Bland-Altman analysis was conducted. The comparison between smart sampling and magnetic beads showed an average bias of -5.2, with no significant trend in variation across the sample concentration range of 0.5-75 ng/mL. The smart sampling and ECLIA comparison revealed a bias of 0.4 ± 4 ng/mL, indicating even better agreement and consistent results. This paper presents the first-ever comparison of a smart sampling method with existing methods. The results highlight smart sampling as a promising new approach for bioanalysis and boost the technique as a viable alternative in protein biomarker analysis from complex matrices using LC-MS.</p>\",\"PeriodicalId\":160,\"journal\":{\"name\":\"Drug Testing and Analysis\",\"volume\":\" \",\"pages\":\"\"},\"PeriodicalIF\":2.7000,\"publicationDate\":\"2025-09-14\",\"publicationTypes\":\"Journal Article\",\"fieldsOfStudy\":null,\"isOpenAccess\":false,\"openAccessPdf\":\"\",\"citationCount\":\"0\",\"resultStr\":null,\"platform\":\"Semanticscholar\",\"paperid\":null,\"PeriodicalName\":\"Drug Testing and Analysis\",\"FirstCategoryId\":\"3\",\"ListUrlMain\":\"https://doi.org/10.1002/dta.3948\",\"RegionNum\":3,\"RegionCategory\":\"医学\",\"ArticlePicture\":[],\"TitleCN\":null,\"AbstractTextCN\":null,\"PMCID\":null,\"EPubDate\":\"\",\"PubModel\":\"\",\"JCR\":\"Q2\",\"JCRName\":\"BIOCHEMICAL RESEARCH METHODS\",\"Score\":null,\"Total\":0}","platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Drug Testing and Analysis","FirstCategoryId":"3","ListUrlMain":"https://doi.org/10.1002/dta.3948","RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"Q2","JCRName":"BIOCHEMICAL RESEARCH METHODS","Score":null,"Total":0}
Comparative Evaluation of Smart Sampling for hCG Determination: A New Potential Direction in Protein Biomarker Analysis From Dried Microsamples.
Since the early 20th century, sampling biological matrices like blood on paper (dried blood spots [DBS]) has been vital in clinical analysis. While DBS microsampling is convenient for small molecules, extensive sample preparation can make LC-MS protein analysis impractical because of the time-consuming steps, especially for low-abundance proteins. Smart sampling, introduced in 2018, simplifies this by integrating sample preparation directly on the sampler. The work presented in this paper aims to compare a newly validated smart sampling method with two other methods: an in-house method based on immunocapture on magnetic beads and a commercial method that uses electrochemiluminescence immunoassay (ECLIA). The performance of the three hCG methods was compared using 21 single-blind serum samples. Linear regression analysis revealed strong correlations (all R2 > 0.91) between the actual sample concentrations and the results obtained from all three methods. Immunocapture with magnetic beads showed the strongest linear correlation (R2 = 0.974). To assess agreement between the methods, Bland-Altman analysis was conducted. The comparison between smart sampling and magnetic beads showed an average bias of -5.2, with no significant trend in variation across the sample concentration range of 0.5-75 ng/mL. The smart sampling and ECLIA comparison revealed a bias of 0.4 ± 4 ng/mL, indicating even better agreement and consistent results. This paper presents the first-ever comparison of a smart sampling method with existing methods. The results highlight smart sampling as a promising new approach for bioanalysis and boost the technique as a viable alternative in protein biomarker analysis from complex matrices using LC-MS.
期刊介绍:
As the incidence of drugs escalates in 21st century living, their detection and analysis have become increasingly important. Sport, the workplace, crime investigation, homeland security, the pharmaceutical industry and the environment are just some of the high profile arenas in which analytical testing has provided an important investigative tool for uncovering the presence of extraneous substances.
In addition to the usual publishing fare of primary research articles, case reports and letters, Drug Testing and Analysis offers a unique combination of; ‘How to’ material such as ‘Tutorials’ and ‘Reviews’, Speculative pieces (‘Commentaries’ and ‘Perspectives'', providing a broader scientific and social context to the aspects of analytical testing), ‘Annual banned substance reviews’ (delivering a critical evaluation of the methods used in the characterization of established and newly outlawed compounds).
Rather than focus on the application of a single technique, Drug Testing and Analysis employs a unique multidisciplinary approach to the field of controversial compound determination. Papers discussing chromatography, mass spectrometry, immunological approaches, 1D/2D gel electrophoresis, to name just a few select methods, are welcomed where their application is related to any of the six key topics listed below.