Recent advances of MOFs and their derivatives in the selective catalytic reduction of NOx with different reductants

As one of the most effective technologies, selective catalytic reduction (SCR) has been widely utilized in the reduction of NO_x in flue gas. In recent years, metal–organic frameworks (MOFs) have gradually been used as promising denitrification (de-NO_x) catalysts due to their tunable metal nodes and organic ligands, abundant porosity, and specific surface area, as well as excellent chemical properties and catalytic behavior, or as precursors for the preparation of de-NO_x catalysts (such as quasi-MOFs, metal oxides, and metal/carbon composites). However, there has been no systematic report on the use of MOFs and their derivatives in the field of SCR de-NO_x. This review comprehensively introduces the general principles of SCR reaction, detailing the development of SCR technologies using NH₃, C₃H₆, and CO as reductants. It summarizes the synthesis methods, de-NO_x activity, anti-poisoning performance, and thermal stability of MOF catalysts and MOF-derivative catalysts, with a focus on analyzing the catalytic mechanisms of catalysts with high catalytic ability and excellent anti-sulfur and anti-water poisoning properties. At last, it summarizes and prospects the potential development directions of MOFs and MOF-derivatives de-NO_x catalysts, providing insights and guidance for the preparation, application, and theoretical analysis of MOFs and their derivatives in the SCR field in the future.