{"title":"一个可解释的混合深度学习优化框架,用于稳健的网络钓鱼攻击检测,使用GAN和基于变压器的特征学习","authors":"Raheleh Ghadami (Melisa Rahebi) , Javad Rahebi","doi":"10.1016/j.asej.2025.103745","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study proposes to improve accuracy of phishing detection by proposing a new hybrid deep learning framework that combines data augmentation, feature transformation, and optimization-based feature selection. The proposed approach integrates a Generative Adversarial Network (GAN) to generate synthetic phishing samples, followed by feature extraction using a combination of feature extraction using a combination of Convolutional Neural Network (CNN), Gated Recurrent Unit (GRU), Fully Modified Residual Convolutional Neural Network (FMRCNN), and Transformer models. To reduce feature dimensionality, <strong>the</strong> Black-Winged Kite Algorithm (BKA) <strong>is applied</strong>, while classification is performed using a Support Vector Machine (SVM). Experimental findings on Phishtank dataset demonstrate that the suggested model achieves an accuracy of 98.67%, outperforming other approaches in terms of precision, recall, and F1-score. The novelty of this work lies in the unique combination of GAN with <strong>CNN–GRU–FMRCNN</strong> architectures for phishing detection, further enhanced by hybrid optimization techniques and interpretability via SHAP (SHapley Additive exPlanations) analysis.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48648,"journal":{"name":"Ain Shams Engineering Journal","volume":"16 12","pages":"Article 103745"},"PeriodicalIF":5.9000,"publicationDate":"2025-09-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":"0","resultStr":"{\"title\":\"An explainable hybrid deep learning-optimization framework for robust phishing attack detection using GAN and transformer-based feature learning\",\"authors\":\"Raheleh Ghadami (Melisa Rahebi) , Javad Rahebi\",\"doi\":\"10.1016/j.asej.2025.103745\",\"DOIUrl\":null,\"url\":null,\"abstract\":\"<div><div>This study proposes to improve accuracy of phishing detection by proposing a new hybrid deep learning framework that combines data augmentation, feature transformation, and optimization-based feature selection. The proposed approach integrates a Generative Adversarial Network (GAN) to generate synthetic phishing samples, followed by feature extraction using a combination of feature extraction using a combination of Convolutional Neural Network (CNN), Gated Recurrent Unit (GRU), Fully Modified Residual Convolutional Neural Network (FMRCNN), and Transformer models. To reduce feature dimensionality, <strong>the</strong> Black-Winged Kite Algorithm (BKA) <strong>is applied</strong>, while classification is performed using a Support Vector Machine (SVM). Experimental findings on Phishtank dataset demonstrate that the suggested model achieves an accuracy of 98.67%, outperforming other approaches in terms of precision, recall, and F1-score. The novelty of this work lies in the unique combination of GAN with <strong>CNN–GRU–FMRCNN</strong> architectures for phishing detection, further enhanced by hybrid optimization techniques and interpretability via SHAP (SHapley Additive exPlanations) analysis.</div></div>\",\"PeriodicalId\":48648,\"journal\":{\"name\":\"Ain Shams Engineering Journal\",\"volume\":\"16 12\",\"pages\":\"Article 103745\"},\"PeriodicalIF\":5.9000,\"publicationDate\":\"2025-09-15\",\"publicationTypes\":\"Journal Article\",\"fieldsOfStudy\":null,\"isOpenAccess\":false,\"openAccessPdf\":\"\",\"citationCount\":\"0\",\"resultStr\":null,\"platform\":\"Semanticscholar\",\"paperid\":null,\"PeriodicalName\":\"Ain Shams Engineering Journal\",\"FirstCategoryId\":\"5\",\"ListUrlMain\":\"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2090447925004861\",\"RegionNum\":2,\"RegionCategory\":\"工程技术\",\"ArticlePicture\":[],\"TitleCN\":null,\"AbstractTextCN\":null,\"PMCID\":null,\"EPubDate\":\"\",\"PubModel\":\"\",\"JCR\":\"Q1\",\"JCRName\":\"ENGINEERING, MULTIDISCIPLINARY\",\"Score\":null,\"Total\":0}","platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Ain Shams Engineering Journal","FirstCategoryId":"5","ListUrlMain":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2090447925004861","RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"Q1","JCRName":"ENGINEERING, MULTIDISCIPLINARY","Score":null,"Total":0}
An explainable hybrid deep learning-optimization framework for robust phishing attack detection using GAN and transformer-based feature learning
This study proposes to improve accuracy of phishing detection by proposing a new hybrid deep learning framework that combines data augmentation, feature transformation, and optimization-based feature selection. The proposed approach integrates a Generative Adversarial Network (GAN) to generate synthetic phishing samples, followed by feature extraction using a combination of feature extraction using a combination of Convolutional Neural Network (CNN), Gated Recurrent Unit (GRU), Fully Modified Residual Convolutional Neural Network (FMRCNN), and Transformer models. To reduce feature dimensionality, the Black-Winged Kite Algorithm (BKA) is applied, while classification is performed using a Support Vector Machine (SVM). Experimental findings on Phishtank dataset demonstrate that the suggested model achieves an accuracy of 98.67%, outperforming other approaches in terms of precision, recall, and F1-score. The novelty of this work lies in the unique combination of GAN with CNN–GRU–FMRCNN architectures for phishing detection, further enhanced by hybrid optimization techniques and interpretability via SHAP (SHapley Additive exPlanations) analysis.
期刊介绍:
in Shams Engineering Journal is an international journal devoted to publication of peer reviewed original high-quality research papers and review papers in both traditional topics and those of emerging science and technology. Areas of both theoretical and fundamental interest as well as those concerning industrial applications, emerging instrumental techniques and those which have some practical application to an aspect of human endeavor, such as the preservation of the environment, health, waste disposal are welcome. The overall focus is on original and rigorous scientific research results which have generic significance.
Ain Shams Engineering Journal focuses upon aspects of mechanical engineering, electrical engineering, civil engineering, chemical engineering, petroleum engineering, environmental engineering, architectural and urban planning engineering. Papers in which knowledge from other disciplines is integrated with engineering are especially welcome like nanotechnology, material sciences, and computational methods as well as applied basic sciences: engineering mathematics, physics and chemistry.