Optimization and electrochemical activation of magnetron-sputtered DLC films for enhanced electrode performance

This study investigates the synthesis and characterization of diamond-like carbon (DLC) films deposited via magnetron sputtering, aiming to optimize their properties for electrochemical electrode applications. Critical deposition parameters, such as temperature, negative bias, and nitrogen incorporation, were systematically adjusted to evaluate their impact on the film’s structure and performance. Comprehensive characterization was performed using X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, Raman spectroscopy, and scanning electron microscopy, alongside electrochemical techniques such as cyclic voltammetry and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy, to correlate physicochemical properties with electrochemical behavior. DLC films feature a smooth, dense surface with a wider potential window than boron doped diamond and other common electrode materials but generally lower conductivity and electrochemical reactivity. To overcome these limitations, a novel dual electrochemical activation treatment was developed, which significantly enhances electron transfer kinetics by a factor of six and doubles the redox peak currents compared to their initial values. This treatment also improves electrode uniformity and stability, highlighting the strong potential of optimized and activated DLC films for high-performance electrochemical applications.